Human factors in aviation Flashcards
What does the “E” in PEAR Model stand for?
- People who do the job;
- Environment in which they work;
- Actions they perform; and
- Resources necessary to complete the job.
Who supposedly stated, “If there are two ways to do something, and one will result in disaster, he’ll
do it that way.”?
• Murphy’s Law
Corporate culture of get the job done at all costs would fit which Dirty Dozen factor?
Pressure
The retina is located on what part of the eyeball?
• Back
What facial feature can contribute to the blind spot?
• The retina entrance
What shape lens would be used for near-sightedness?
Concave Lenses
The most common type of color blindness “Daltonism” is the difficulty distinguishing between what
two colors?
- red-green
At night, best results for vision can be achieved looking which way at an object?
Looking at one side of the object
The information processing involves what five stages?
- Gathering information
- Perception or assessment
- Evaluation and decision making
- Action/ response
- Feedback
What are the three processes of Memory?
- Registration
- Storage
- Retrieval
What is the main advantage of group or team responsibility?
- Feel responsible
- Each member must work together
- Cross checking
What is the definition of social loafing?
One member don’t do anything
Name at least five characteristics of highly motivated people.
- Goal directed
- Purposeful behaviours
- Optimism.
- Bravery. …
- Energy. …
On the bottom of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, which is the most basic need to satisfy?
Physiological needs
The best way to affect change in behaviour is with immediate or delayed punishment or reward?
Immediate reward
Name at least five characteristics of good teams?
They communicate well with each other. They focus on goals and results. Everyone contributes their fair share. They offer each other support. Good leadership.
There are two types of leaders; what are they?
- Team leader role
* An induvial the group follows
What is peer pressure?
Is the pressure an individual may feel from peers or colleagues.
. What are the two kinds of stress that can influence performance?
- Distress
* Eustress
. What are some positive measures that AMTs can do to maintain fitness and health?
- Well-balanced diet
- Regular exercise
- Stop smoking
- Sensible alcohol intake
What are some symptoms of stress that may influence an AMTs work?
- Physical stress
- Psychological
- Reactive
What are the effects of alcohol and drugs that may be evident?
- High blood pressure.
- Gastritis, or inflammation of the stomach.
- Heart disease.
- Liver disease
. Describe how sleep debt builds up
Each night we sleep less causing sleep deprive
What is sleep inertia and how long does it usually last?
Can last 15 minutes and it is brief time of confusion, poor memory
What is the definition of a drug?
Drug is any substance that brings physical or psychological changes
What should happen if noise cannot be eliminated to protect hearing?
Earmuffs and ear plugs
What are some of the dangerous substances that AMTs are exposed to?
Fuels, chemicals, toxic metals, and solvents
What are some of the ways that solvents can enter your system and cause damage?
Digestive, skin, respiratory
Five major disorders arise from heat exposure. What are they?
- Heat stroke
- Heat exhaustion
- Heat cramps
- Heat syncope
- Heat rash
Heat loss originates from what three processes?
conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
A positive safety culture includes?
- Safe physical place
- Positive social environment
- Workplace that focuses on tasks that need to be carried
Planning for planned and unplanned tasks involves making sure which resources are available?
Tasks, equipment, and spares
What is the main concern of repetitive tasks?
Complacent
. What are two ways the AMT can help during visual inspection?
Eddy currents and fluorescent penetrant inspection
Where can you find information on performing specific tasks?
Appropriate manuals
. Success breeds complacency, what does complacency breed?
Complacency breeds failure
What are the most common ways to communicate?
- Speaking
- Writing
- Visual images
- Body language
What is the % of error rate in work settings for oral communication?
3%
What is “Simplified English”?
help second-language speakers of English to unambiguously understand technical manuals written in English.
What are the four steps in effective communication?
- Someone transmits information
- Someone receives information
- Receiver understands information
- Confirm to the transmitter
. What information is typically received at shift handover?
- Tasks that have been completed
- Tasks in progress
- Tasks to be carried out
How can AMTs keep up to date?
- Undertaking update courses
- Reading briefly material memos
- Studying maintenance manual amendments
What does the PEAR Model acronym stand for?
- People who do the job;
- Environment in which they work;
- Actions they perform; and
- Resources necessary to complete the job.
. Lack of Communication; Lack of Knowledge; Complacency are factors in which error model?
Dirty dozen
Which model explains how liveware (humans) interact with three other elements?
ICAO SHELL Model
What are two kinds of unintended errors?
- Slips
* lapses
What are two kinds of intended errors?
- Mistakes
* Violations
What does the “Window of Opportunity” stand for in the Swiss Cheese Model?
Is the opportunity refer to those activities and latent errors to contribute to an accident
MEDA is based on what three principles?
- Mechanics don’t intend to make mistakes
- Errors results from a variety of workplace
- Management can fix the factors that contribute to it
What is the MEDA Process?
- Events
- Decision
- Investigation
- Prevention strategies
- Feedback
When first conducting a Job Hazard Analysis, priority should go to the which types of jobs?
List jobs with hazards that present unacceptable risks
What usual color combination are Caution Signs? What color combination are Hazard Signs?
- Yellow
- Blue
- red
If you cannot eliminate the hazard completely, what is the last step in the process to protect
workers?
• substituting (entirely or partly) the hazard with something with a lesser risk
When performing a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), what should be considered?
- What can go wrong
- Consequences
- How will it arise
- What contributing factors
- How likely
When preparing for an emergency, which issues should be addressed?
- Nature of emergency.
- Degree of emergency.
- Size of organization.
. Who should be involved in developing a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)?
- Involve your employees
* you
