Human factors and public health

Question 1

What are ACEs?

Answer 1

Adverse childhood experiences

Potentially traumatic events that can have negative, lasting effects on health and well being. these experiences range from physical, emotion or sexual abuse to parental divorce or the incarceration of a parent or guardian

Question 2

Name examples of primary prevention ( ie controlling risk factors for childhood adversity and maltreatment)

Answer 2

• addressing wider determinants of health
• nurse family partnership
• parenting programmes
• social care to prevent intergenerational transmission
• trauma and adversity informed care eg national trauma training programme
• importance of relationships / trusted adult

Question 3

Describe secondary prevention (early intervention for childhood adversity and maltreatment once already experienced)

Answer 3

• trauma and adversity informed care
• substance misuse support
• support for families where a parent has been incarcerated
• support for families with parent with mental health issues
• looked after children support including health assessment and corporate parents
• community ACE hubs