Human Factors

Question 1

3 major psychology theories in changing individual behaviour

Answer 1

Health-Belief Model
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Trans-Theoretical Model

Question 2

What does the theory of planned behaviour state

Answer 2

Attitude, subjective norm and perceived behaviour control affect each other and intention which affects behaviour

Question 3

Trans-Theoretical Model

Answer 3

Precomtemplation, contemplation, determination, action, relapse, maintenance

Question 4

Drawback of the psychology theories

Answer 4

The theories are tested on different individuals and not by examining or manipulating behaviour in an individual

Question 5

How can health belief model be applied to social problems (Example binge drinking)

Answer 5

Cues to action - Has anything triggered you to consider stopping binge-drinking, if yes capitalise on this
Health motivation - How concerned are you about health
Susceptibility and severity - How is it affecting your health, future impact. Explore negative effects
Perceived benefits and barriers - Current benefits and costs, current barriers, positive benefits now to increase perceived benefits

Question 6

How theory of planned behaviour be applied to problem (Example binge drinking)

Answer 6

Attitude - What do you think, is it good or bad, educate about negative effects to change from positive to negative attitude
Social norms - Pros and cons for complying with person or group norms you value most
Intentions - Intend to stop, now or future
Perceived behavioural control - How much control over problem, normalise difficult to stop, increase perceived control and explore actual control
Action implementation - Discuss steps to stop, setting personal goals, rewards for binge-drinking

Question 7

Trans-Theoretical Model to problem (Example binge drinking)

Answer 7

Stage of change - Identify stage of change, contemplation, preparation and action
Process of change -
Plan how to overcome problem, helping relationships (who can help), something better than current problem to help overcome, reward regularly in beginning

Question 8

What does the Health Belief Model focus on

Answer 8

Individuals perception of threat posed by health problem, benefits of avoiding threat and factors influencing decision to act

Question 9

What does the Theory of Planned Behaviour focus on

Answer 9

Individuals attitudes towards behaviour, perception of norms and beliefs about ease or difficulty of changing

Question 10

What does the Trans-Theoretical Model focus on

Answer 10

Individuals motivation and readiness to change a problem