Human Factors

Question 1

What is Hypoxia?
what are the Symptoms?

Answer 1

Hypoxia is when the body isn’t getting enough oxygen.

Symptoms:
-Blue fingernails/lips
-Tingling in fingers/toes
-numbness
-headache
-decrease response/ inc reaction time
-impaired judgment
-euphoria
-Visual impairment
-drowsiness
-lightheaded/dizziness

Question 2

Hypoxic Hypoxia

Answer 2

When insufficient oxygen available to the body.

Question 3

Hypemic Hypoxia

Answer 3

When the blood is not able to carry sufficient amount of oxygen to the cells in the body.

Question 4

Stagnate Hypoxia

Answer 4

Stagnant = not moving
When the oxygen-rich blood is not moving to the tissues that need it.
AKA arm or leg going to sleep.

Question 5

Histotoxic Hypoxia

Answer 5

Cells not able to effectively use oxygen because of either alcohol, drugs, narcotics and poisons.

Question 6

How would you treat someone who’s has hypoxia?

Answer 6

-Fly at lower altitudes
-Use supplemental oxygen

Question 7

What is Hyperventilation?
What are the symptoms?

Answer 7

Hyperventilation is the increase of breathing rate leading to abnormal loss of carbon dioxide from the body.

Symptoms:
-Tingling Sensation
-Visual impairment
-Unconsciousness
-lightheaded/Dizzy
-muscle Spasms
-hot & cold Sensations

Not Hypoxic symptoms

Question 8

What are the spacial disorientations illusions?

Answer 8

Vestibular Illusions:
-The Leans
-Coriolis Illusion
-Graveyard Spiral
-Graveyard Spin
-Somatogravic Illusion
-Inversion Illusion
-Elevator Illusion

Visual Illusions:
-False Horizons
-Autokinesis
-Size-distance Illusion
-Reversible
-flickering vertigo

Question 9

What is the alcohol limit for a pilot?

Answer 9

Alcohol level must be less than .04 % and that 8 hours pass between drinking and piloting the aircraft.
If the pilot is still hungover the pilot is still considered under the influence of alcohol.

Question 10

Can a pilot take any medicine to fly?
how long to wait before flying with regular medicine?

Answer 10

No, medication has to be approved by FAA before going on aviation duties.

Should wait at least 5x maximal dosing intervals.

Question 11

How do you treat someone who’s hyperventilation?

Answer 11

By talking/singing out loud.

Question 12

Coriolis Illusion

Answer 12

Prolong turning causing the fluid in the ears to turn as well creating the illusion of turning or accelerating on a different axis.

Question 13

Graveyard spiral

Answer 13

The illusion of being in a level descent causing pilot to pull back on the controls to climb/stop descent causing a higher spiral and losing more altitude.

Question 14

Somatogravic Illusion

Answer 14

A rapid acceleration creating the illusion of being in a nose up attitude causing the pilot to push the aircraft in a nose dive position.

Question 15

Inversion Illusion

Answer 15

An abrupt change from climb to straight and level flight creates the feeling of falling backwards causing the pilot to push the nose abruptly into a nose low attitude.

Question 16

Elevator Illusion

Answer 16

Is caused by an abrupt upward vertical acceleration, as can occur in updraft, creating the illusion of being in the climb causing the pilot to push the nose in a nose low attitude.

Question 17

False Horizon

Answer 17

When difficult to differentiate the horizon line because of cloud formations, ground lights, stars causing the pilot to place the aircraft in a dangerous attitude.

Question 18

Autokinese

Answer 18

When flying in the dark and a stationary light may appear to move if stared at for a long time.

Question 19

Scuba diving

Answer 19

If controlled ascent was not required and flying to 8,000ft - has to wait 12 hour

If controlled ascent was required or was not and flying above 8000ft - has to wait at least 24 hours before flight.

Question 20

What do cones in the eyes do?

Answer 20

responsible for all color vision

Question 21

What do rods in the eye do?

Answer 21

robs detect movement and vision in dim light.

When overwhelmed by bright lights they usually take 30 minutes to adjust.

Question 22

Graveyard Spin

Answer 22

Illusion of being in a descent.

Question 23

Size distance illusion

Answer 23

Light appearing closer as it intensifies.

Question 24

Reversible illusion

Answer 24

At night an aircraft appearing to be going away from you when actually approaching.

Question 25

Flicker vertigo

Answer 25

Flickering lights of 4-20 times per seconds may cause dizziness, nausea, convulsions, unconsciousness.

Question 26

Sinus and ear block cause

Answer 26

Sinus : excruciating pain, ache in upper sinuses. Can be relieved by yawning, swallowing or tensing the throat muscles.

Ear block: sever pain, hearing loss.