Human Factors Flashcards
What is Hypoxia?
what are the Symptoms?
Hypoxia is when the body isn’t getting enough oxygen.
Symptoms:
-Blue fingernails/lips
-Tingling in fingers/toes
-numbness
-headache
-decrease response/ inc reaction time
-impaired judgment
-euphoria
-Visual impairment
-drowsiness
-lightheaded/dizziness
Hypoxic Hypoxia
When insufficient oxygen available to the body.
Hypemic Hypoxia
When the blood is not able to carry sufficient amount of oxygen to the cells in the body.
Stagnate Hypoxia
Stagnant = not moving
When the oxygen-rich blood is not moving to the tissues that need it.
AKA arm or leg going to sleep.
Histotoxic Hypoxia
Cells not able to effectively use oxygen because of either alcohol, drugs, narcotics and poisons.
How would you treat someone who’s has hypoxia?
-Fly at lower altitudes
-Use supplemental oxygen
What is Hyperventilation?
What are the symptoms?
Hyperventilation is the increase of breathing rate leading to abnormal loss of carbon dioxide from the body.
Symptoms:
-Tingling Sensation
-Visual impairment
-Unconsciousness
-lightheaded/Dizzy
-muscle Spasms
-hot & cold Sensations
Not Hypoxic symptoms
What are the spacial disorientations illusions?
Vestibular Illusions:
-The Leans
-Coriolis Illusion
-Graveyard Spiral
-Graveyard Spin
-Somatogravic Illusion
-Inversion Illusion
-Elevator Illusion
Visual Illusions:
-False Horizons
-Autokinesis
-Size-distance Illusion
-Reversible
-flickering vertigo
What is the alcohol limit for a pilot?
Alcohol level must be less than .04 % and that 8 hours pass between drinking and piloting the aircraft.
If the pilot is still hungover the pilot is still considered under the influence of alcohol.
Can a pilot take any medicine to fly?
how long to wait before flying with regular medicine?
No, medication has to be approved by FAA before going on aviation duties.
Should wait at least 5x maximal dosing intervals.
How do you treat someone who’s hyperventilation?
By talking/singing out loud.
Coriolis Illusion
Prolong turning causing the fluid in the ears to turn as well creating the illusion of turning or accelerating on a different axis.
Graveyard spiral
The illusion of being in a level descent causing pilot to pull back on the controls to climb/stop descent causing a higher spiral and losing more altitude.
Somatogravic Illusion
A rapid acceleration creating the illusion of being in a nose up attitude causing the pilot to push the aircraft in a nose dive position.
Inversion Illusion
An abrupt change from climb to straight and level flight creates the feeling of falling backwards causing the pilot to push the nose abruptly into a nose low attitude.
Elevator Illusion
Is caused by an abrupt upward vertical acceleration, as can occur in updraft, creating the illusion of being in the climb causing the pilot to push the nose in a nose low attitude.
False Horizon
When difficult to differentiate the horizon line because of cloud formations, ground lights, stars causing the pilot to place the aircraft in a dangerous attitude.
Autokinese
When flying in the dark and a stationary light may appear to move if stared at for a long time.
Scuba diving
If controlled ascent was not required and flying to 8,000ft - has to wait 12 hour
If controlled ascent was required or was not and flying above 8000ft - has to wait at least 24 hours before flight.
What do cones in the eyes do?
responsible for all color vision
What do rods in the eye do?
robs detect movement and vision in dim light.
When overwhelmed by bright lights they usually take 30 minutes to adjust.
Graveyard Spin
Illusion of being in a descent.
Size distance illusion
Light appearing closer as it intensifies.
Reversible illusion
At night an aircraft appearing to be going away from you when actually approaching.
Flicker vertigo
Flickering lights of 4-20 times per seconds may cause dizziness, nausea, convulsions, unconsciousness.
Sinus and ear block cause
Sinus : excruciating pain, ache in upper sinuses. Can be relieved by yawning, swallowing or tensing the throat muscles.
Ear block: sever pain, hearing loss.
