Human Excretion Flashcards
What are the filtration units in the kidneys?
Nephrons
Which hormone helps to control water content?
ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)
Which part of the brain detects water content of the blood?
The hypothalamus
From where is ADH released?
The pituitary gland
What is dialysis?
The artificial removal of waste in the blood
Name the 3 organs of excretion
The lungs, kidneys and skin
Describe how glomerular filtrate is produced in the body
As the blood flows from the renal artery into the glomerulus, a high pressure builds up which squeezes/filters small molecules out of the blood into the Bowman’s capsule to form glomerular filtrate.
Name the 3 substances found in urine
Excess salts
Excess water
Urea
In a kidney transplant, where is the new kidney placed and why?
In the lower abdomen as it’s nearer to the bladder (where waste goes) and is easier to access (closer to surface)
What does ADH do?
It makes the collecting duct in the nephrons more permeable so more water is reabsorbed back into the blood
Where is water reabsorbed?
In the collecting duct
Describe how glomerular filtrate is produced in the body
As the blood flows from the renal artery into the glomerulus, a high pressure builds up which squeezes/filters small molecules out of the blood into the Bowman’s capsule to form glomerular filtrate.
What is the outer layer of the kidney called?
The cortex
What is the middle layer of the kidney called?
The medulla
Name the 3 main ways in which water is lost from the body
Sweating
Breathing
Urinating
