Human - Energy Security Flashcards
An association of manufacturers/suppliers maintaining prices at high levels and restricts competition eg. OPEC
Cartels
Usage of an energy/ resource
Consumption
Conserving an ecological balance by avoiding depletion of natural resources
Sustainable
Amount of resources available to access
Physical availability
Level of cultural comfort that individuals have
Cultural preferences
Limited and will run out
Finite
Energy found in natural resources eg. coal, oil, sunlight and wind
Primary energy
Primary energy that’s been converted to a more convenient form eg. electricity
Secondary energy
The constant demand for energy consumption
Energy demand
The actual amount of energy available and used
Energy consumption
Uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. short term: ability to react, long term: investment
Energy security
Energy security index
ESI
Organisation of petroleum exporting countries, a cartel for oil demand
OPEC
Prevention of wasteful use of energy in order to ensure continuing energy security
Energy conservation
Process of capturing co2 before it enters the atmosphere
Carbon capture storage
Proportion of energy that an economy must import
Energy dependancy
The route taken by any forms of energy from source to consumption eg. tanker ships, pipelines and electricity transmission grids
Energy pathways
More energy than demand, ability to export or sell
Energy surplus
Oil of poor quality eg. tar shale sands
Frontier hydrocarbons
politics on international relations, influenced by geographical factors
Geopolitics
Emissions trading rule to reduce average carbon intensity of transportation
Low carbon standard
Moment at which extraction reaches its maximum before it starts to decrease
Peak oil
Lots of oil production in one area eg. Saudi
Production hotspot
A highly polluting frontier hydrocarbon. Deposits of sand with bitumen
Tar shale sands
A country that is used for transportation eg. Ukraine with Russia into Europe
Transit state
International energy agency, provides data on entire global energy
IEA
Organisation for economic co-operation + development, stimulates economic progress and world trade
OECD
The range of energy sources of a region or country, both renewable and non-renewable.
Energy mix
Sources most easy to access, has the most infrastructure development eg. oil and gas
Conventional sources
Sources difficult to access or not traditional eg. wind, solar, biomass
Non-conventional sources
Geographical feature on land eg. valley/ bridge. Blocked pathways eg. Straits of Malacca (Somalian pirates)
Choke points
Process of injecting liquid at high pressures into rocks to extract oil
Fracking
Powering without a grid/ energy companies lines + pathways, self-sustaining
Off grid energy
Oils that are technically difficult to get to eg.Deep sea drilling
Unconventionall oil
Movement from one area to another (during the carbon cycle)
Flux
An alcohol produced from vegetables and needs to be distilled
Bioethanol
Type of biomass fuel that comes from natural oils
Biodiesel
New ways to provide energy or use cleaner methods of using fossils eg. Nuclear, carbon capture, hydrogen cars
Radical technology
