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A2 Geography > Human - Energy Security > Flashcards

Human - Energy Security Flashcards

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1
Q

An association of manufacturers/suppliers maintaining prices at high levels and restricts competition eg. OPEC

A

Cartels

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2
Q

Usage of an energy/ resource

A

Consumption

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3
Q

Conserving an ecological balance by avoiding depletion of natural resources

A

Sustainable

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4
Q

Amount of resources available to access

A

Physical availability

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5
Q

Level of cultural comfort that individuals have

A

Cultural preferences

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6
Q

Limited and will run out

A

Finite

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7
Q

Energy found in natural resources eg. coal, oil, sunlight and wind

A

Primary energy

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8
Q

Primary energy that’s been converted to a more convenient form eg. electricity

A

Secondary energy

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9
Q

The constant demand for energy consumption

A

Energy demand

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10
Q

The actual amount of energy available and used

A

Energy consumption

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11
Q

Uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. short term: ability to react, long term: investment

A

Energy security

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12
Q

Energy security index

A

ESI

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13
Q

Organisation of petroleum exporting countries, a cartel for oil demand

A

OPEC

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14
Q

Prevention of wasteful use of energy in order to ensure continuing energy security

A

Energy conservation

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15
Q

Process of capturing co2 before it enters the atmosphere

A

Carbon capture storage

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16
Q

Proportion of energy that an economy must import

A

Energy dependancy

17
Q

The route taken by any forms of energy from source to consumption eg. tanker ships, pipelines and electricity transmission grids

A

Energy pathways

18
Q

More energy than demand, ability to export or sell

A

Energy surplus

19
Q

Oil of poor quality eg. tar shale sands

A

Frontier hydrocarbons

20
Q

politics on international relations, influenced by geographical factors

A

Geopolitics

21
Q

Emissions trading rule to reduce average carbon intensity of transportation

A

Low carbon standard

22
Q

Moment at which extraction reaches its maximum before it starts to decrease

A

Peak oil

23
Q

Lots of oil production in one area eg. Saudi

A

Production hotspot

24
Q

A highly polluting frontier hydrocarbon. Deposits of sand with bitumen

A

Tar shale sands

25
Q

A country that is used for transportation eg. Ukraine with Russia into Europe

A

Transit state

26
Q

International energy agency, provides data on entire global energy

A

IEA

27
Q

Organisation for economic co-operation + development, stimulates economic progress and world trade

A

OECD

28
Q

The range of energy sources of a region or country, both renewable and non-renewable.

A

Energy mix

29
Q

Sources most easy to access, has the most infrastructure development eg. oil and gas

A

Conventional sources

30
Q

Sources difficult to access or not traditional eg. wind, solar, biomass

A

Non-conventional sources

31
Q

Geographical feature on land eg. valley/ bridge. Blocked pathways eg. Straits of Malacca (Somalian pirates)

A

Choke points

32
Q

Process of injecting liquid at high pressures into rocks to extract oil

A

Fracking

33
Q

Powering without a grid/ energy companies lines + pathways, self-sustaining

A

Off grid energy

34
Q

Oils that are technically difficult to get to eg.Deep sea drilling

A

Unconventionall oil

35
Q

Movement from one area to another (during the carbon cycle)

A

Flux

36
Q

An alcohol produced from vegetables and needs to be distilled

A

Bioethanol

37
Q

Type of biomass fuel that comes from natural oils

A

Biodiesel

38
Q

New ways to provide energy or use cleaner methods of using fossils eg. Nuclear, carbon capture, hydrogen cars

A

Radical technology

A2 Geography (5 decks)

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