Human Development, Diversity & Behavior in the Environment

Question 1

The individual develops after passing through eight well-defined stages, each of which demonstrates a unique combination of needs and vulnerabilities. Each development focuses on some aspect of growth.

Answer 1

Erikson’s Psychosocial stages of development

Question 2

Birth to 1.5yrs
Infants develop a sense of trust in self and in others.
This stage forms the foundation for the rest of
development by creating a sense of security between the infant and caregiver.

Answer 2

Trust vs. Mistrust

Question 3

1.5 to 3yrs same stage as Freud’s Anal Stage
Rapid growth in muscular maturation, verbalization
Most kids begin to potty train during this time.
A 2-year-old boy has control over personal and
physical skills and a sense of independence.

Answer 3

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Question 4

3-6 years old (same as Freud’s Phallic Stage)
The child is very initiative
The psychosocial task of a 5 year old during this stage is
to set goals without infringing on others rights.

Answer 4

Initiative vs Guilt

Question 5

6-11yrs (same as Freud’s Latency Stage)
Developmental task is mastery over physical objects, self, and social interactions.
A 6-year-old child feels a sense of pride and competence
by beginning school.

Answer 5

Industry vs. Inferiority

Question 6

Adolescence
To create an identify, reintegration of various components of self into a whole person. (peer groups are important.
A 16 year old asks the question, “Who am I?”

Answer 6

Identity vs Role Confusion

Question 7

Early adulthood (20-30s)
Task is to enter into relationships with other in an involved, reciprocal manner. 
A 20 year old is forming relationships with others, which
is important in this stage.

Answer 7

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Question 8

Adulthood (45-65 yrs)
Key task is to develop concern for establishing and guiding the next generation.
Failure of this stage, after age 65, results in little
connection to others and a sense of uselessness.

Answer 8

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Question 9

Later adult hood (70 and up)
Acceptance of one’s life, achievements, and relationships as satisfactory and acceptance.
A 75-year-old man states, “I feel accomplished with the
life that I have lived.”
An 80-year-old woman views her life as unproductive or
with many regrets resulting in feelings of hopelessness.

Answer 9

Integrity vs. Despair

Question 10

Birth-2yrs
Infant cannot evoke representation of persons or objects when they are absent symbolic function.
Learns that objects continue to exist when out of sight.
A 9-month-old child searches for a toy underneath a
blanket

Answer 10

Sensorimotor Stage

Question 11

2-7 yrs
Developing of symbolic thoughts draws from sensory-motor thinking, Conceptual ability not yet developed.
A 3-year-old child thinks the sidewalk is mad at him
because it made him fall.
A 4-year-old boy says, “Mom must like grilled cheese
because I like grilled cheese.”

Answer 11

Preoperational stage

Question 12

7-11yrs
Child gains capacity to order and relate experience to an organized whole. Child can now explore several possible solutions to a problem without adopting one.
A 10-year-old child can look at multiple aspects of a
problem in order to solve it.
A 7-year-old child can put sticks in order by height.

Answer 12

Concrete Operational Stage

Question 13

11-Adolescense
Child/youth can visualize events and concepts beyond the present and is able to form theories.
A 12-year-old boy can think hypothetically and use logic
to problem-solve.
A 13-year-old girl can think about abstract concepts.

Answer 13

Formal Operational Stage

Question 14

• Worth of the individual
• right of individual to access to services
• confidentiality
• self determination
• right of individual to fulfill potential without regard to class, race, gender, or sexual orientation

Answer 14

Social Work Values

Question 15

Improve social functioning
resolve problems
achieve desired change
meet self-defined goals

Answer 15

Social Work Goals

Question 16

A framework that a worker can use with any of the practice approaches in order to help the client establish and maintain a steady state.

Answer 16

Systems Theory

Question 17

Role of emotional triangles. The three-person system or triangle is viewed as the smallest stable relationship system and forms when a two person system experiences tension.

Answer 17

Murray Bowens family system

Question 18

Way of managing emotional issues with family members

Answer 18

Emotional cutoff

Question 19

This therapy seeks to strengthen boundaries when family subsystems are enmeshed, or seeks to increase flexibility when these systems are overly rigid.
The family structure should be hierarchical and the parents should be at the top of the hierarchy.

Answer 19

Minchin’s Structural family Therapy

Question 20

unconscious, irrational election of one family member for a negative, demeaned, or outsider role.

Answer 20

Scapegoating

Question 21

10yrs-adulthood

acceptance of ones genitalia, concern for others well being

Answer 21

genital stage (Freud’s)

Question 22

birth to 1.5

gratification through mouth/upper digestive tract

Answer 22

Oral Stage (Freud’s)

Question 23

6-10 yrs; expression of sexual/aggressive drives in social acceptance

Answer 23

Latency Stage (Freud’s)

Question 24

1.5-3yrs

child grain control over anal sphincter, bowel movements

Answer 24

Anal Stage (Freud’s)

Question 25

3-5yrs

Child is directed toward opposite-sex parent and in competition with same sex parent.

Answer 25

Phallic Stage (Freud’s)

Question 26

The individual develops after passing through eight well-defined stages, each of which demonstrates a unique combination of needs and vulnerabilities. Each development focuses on some aspect of growth.

Answer 26

Erikson’s Psychosocial stages

Question 27

The individual develops after passing through eight well-defined stages, each of which demonstrates a unique combination of needs and vulnerabilities. Each development focuses on some aspect of growth.

Answer 27

Erikson’s Psychosocial stages