Human Centred Design

Question 1

What is design?

Answer 1

Combination of aesthetics and efficacy

Question 2

What do you need to think about when designing for healthcare?

Answer 2

How the design interacts with patients, families, clinicians

Question 3

How do companies that are design focused do compared to those that aren’t?

Answer 3

They perform 211% better

Question 4

Why must design be a focus?

Answer 4

Because it has been incorporated into regulatury requirements (FDA, ISO, Med Dev Reg)

Question 5

Is design fundamental for implementation within target audience?

Answer 5

YES

• It should not intimidate practitioners, patients
• User interace is important
• E.g. device for speech impairment by DG requires friendly user interface as speech therapists joined for human contact

Question 6

Human factor considerations

Answer 6

Users
Use environment
Device / interface

Question 7

Bad design costs life example

Answer 7

Syringes

Question 8

Approaches to design (push/pull)

Answer 8

Technology push (often irrelevant, although there is always space for innovators and visionaries)
Needs pull

Question 9

Good design is the crossroad between 3 things

Answer 9

Desirability (human)
Viability (business)
Feasibility (technical)
» INNOVATION in the middle

Question 10

Human centred device attitudes

Answer 10

Be inquisitive, empathetic, constructive
Embrace diversity 
Be a team player
Be iterative 
Be visual 
Bring it to life
Involve target costumers

Question 11

HCD Process - Design council

Answer 11

Discover (broaden)
Define the problem (narrow)
Develop (broaden)
Deliver (narrow)

Question 12

HCD Process - Stanford

Answer 12

EDIPT

Emphasise
Define 
Ideate 
Prototype 
Test

Question 13

HCD Process - Normal Nielsen

Answer 13

Understand - emphasise, define
Explore - ideate, prototype
Materialise - test, implement

Question 14

HCD process - Biodesign

Answer 14

Identify clinical need
Invest disruptive tech
Implement viable needs

Teams sent into ACU of hospital to identify 200 problems
Team comes back and identifies which problems require the most solving
Then have 2 months to invent a solution
6 months to come up with technical and business strategy to solving the problem

Question 15

Design Toolkit - LUMA

Answer 15

LUM

Looking
Understanding
Making

Question 16

Case study: AVA

Special design features

Answer 16

Electronic injector for children who have GH deficiency
Special design features:
- can regulate how fast needle penetrates the skin (helps with pain)
- needle emerges only at contact with skin, and retracts if you pull away

Question 17

AVA advantages - what does it help with?

Answer 17

Needle phobia

Needle stick injury

Question 18

Why are AVA needles different to hospital needles?

Answer 18

Because in hospitals there are higher trained professionals and we need to cut on costs
AVA is for children who may not know how to use needles / it could be more dangerous

Question 19

Case study: Hospital Redesign

Answer 19

Analysed work flow at Seattle Bellevue Hospital to improve the work conditions
Study results were used to redesign the hospital to accommodate its employees

Question 20

Stakeholder mapping

Answer 20

Aims to identify real needs

Interlinks contact points in real life situation&raquo_space; groups people together

Question 21

What does stakeholder mapping do to give empathy to individuals?

Answer 21

Faces/cartoon figures
Speech bubbles
Arrows with labels (to describe interactions)