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Science 7A > Human Body Systems: Part 1 > Flashcards

Human Body Systems: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What body system provides a protective covering for the body and aids in eliminating wastes?

A

Integumentary System

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2
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

the maintenance of a stable internal body environment

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3
Q

What are composed of tissues and organs which carry out one or more functions in the body?

A

Body Systems

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4
Q

What is the result of the work of antagonistic pairs of muscles working within the skeletal system?

A

Body Movement

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5
Q

What body system is made up of various glands that secrete hormones?

A

Endocrine System

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6
Q

What are chemical messengers that cause a change in cells or tissue in the body?

A

Hormones

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7
Q

What body system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients?

A

Digestive System

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8
Q

What body system transports gases, nutrients, and wastes around the body?

A

Circulatory System

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9
Q

What connects skeletal muscle to the bone?

A

Tendon

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10
Q

What is a band of tissue that connects bones over moveable joints?

A

Ligament

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11
Q

What are soft, flexible tissue padding joints?

A

Cartilage

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12
Q

What is a complex living structure that contains nerves and blood vessels?

A

Bone(s)

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13
Q

What is a place where two or more bones meet?

A

Joint

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14
Q

What is a body tissue that can contract and relax?

A

Muscle

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15
Q

What is Osteoporosis?

A

condition in which bone tissue is loosely packed and bones become weak

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16
Q

What is Arthritis?

A

condition in which the joints swell and become stiff and painful

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17
Q

What body system’s main function is to take in oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide?

A

Respiratory System

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18
Q

What is the main organ of the respiratory system?

A

Lungs

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19
Q

What is a body tissue made up of many types of cells suspended in a yellowish liquid?

A

Blood

20
Q

What is a protein which binds oxygen to the blood cell?

A

Hemoglobin

21
Q

What is the yellowish liquid in blood that contains salts, proteins, nutrients, and wastes?

A

Plasma

22
Q

What body system helps move oxygen, nutrients, and other important substances to every cell in the body?

A

Circulatory System

23
Q

What are the Atria?

A

the upper chambers of the heart

24
Q

What are the Ventricles?

A

the lower chambers of the heart

25
Q

What body system produces, stores, and circulates white blood cells?

A

Lymphatic System

26
Q

What body system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood?

A

Cardiovascular System

27
Q

What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions and help turn food particles into simple molecules?

A

Enzymes

28
Q

What organ filters toxins and waste from the blood?

A

Kidneys

29
Q

What are millions of tiny filtering units inside each kidney?

A

Nephrons

30
Q

What body system removes cellular wastes from the body through the lungs, skin, and the urinary system?

A

Excretory System

31
Q

What body system converts food into fuel and helps get rid of solid waste?

A

Digestive System

32
Q

What organ makes bile, which breaks fats into simpler molecules?

A

Liver

33
Q

What body system controls growth, regulates metabolism, reacts to stress and danger, and regulates reproduction?

A

Endocrine System

34
Q

What is an Axon?

A

a long thin extension of a neuron

35
Q

What is a Neuron?

A

nerve cells that are specialized to carry electrical signals

36
Q

What is Diabetes?

A

disease in which a person has unregulated high levels of blood glucose

37
Q

What is a Dendrite?

A

shorter branched extension of a neuron

38
Q

What are a group of cells that make chemicals called hormones?

A

Gland(s)

39
Q

What is a Pituitary Gland?

A

stimulates growth and sexual development

40
Q

What is the gland that produces insulin to regulate blood glucose levels?

A

Pancreas

41
Q

What is a “system”?

A

A system is a group of independent but related elements that make up a unified whole.

42
Q

Is it true that each organ has only one function in the body and belongs to only one organ system?

A

No, the same organ can be part of different body systems. For example, the heart belongs to the muscular and cardiovascular systems. The brain is part of many body systems.

43
Q

What does food provide the body with?

A

Food is a source of energy, building materials for the body, and vitamins and minerals.

44
Q

How does the nervous system work together with the biceps and triceps muscles?

A

The brain sends signals through the nerves to the biceps and triceps muscles, which cause them to contract and relax. The brain also learns to activate different numbers of muscle bundles in these muscles, depending on the weight of the objects the arm needs to lift.

45
Q

How does the muscle “know” how to exert the correct amount of force to lift a light or heavy object?

A

The nervous system stores information regarding how many muscle bundles are needed to activate different muscles under different conditions. The more bundles that contract, the bigger and harder the muscle will be.

46
Q

Why is a person’s heart rate a good indication of his or her activity level?

A

As a person’s activity level goes up, the heart rate increases to supply more oxygen and sugar to the muscles.

47
Q

What are chemical messengers?

A

Hormones

Science 7A (7 decks)

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