Human Body Systems

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in the External environment

Question 2

Negative feedback

Answer 2

Tends to reduce the input signal that caused it and helps to maintain stability in the system in spite of external changes

Question 3

Positive feedback

Answer 3

Tends to increase the event that caused it gives the system the ability to access new point of equilibrium

Question 4

Nervous system

Answer 4

Controls and coordinates functions throughout the body in response to internal and external stimuli

Question 5

Neurons

Answer 5

Cells that transmit impulses from one spot in the body to

Question 6

Synapse

Answer 6

Location in which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another nerve cell

Question 7

Neurotransmitter

Answer 7

Chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across the synapse to another cell

Question 8

What is found in the central nervous system

Answer 8

Brain and spinal cord

Question 9

Brain

Answer 9

The place to which impulses flow and it from which impulses originate

Question 10

Spinal cord

Answer 10

The communication link between the brain and the rest of the body

Question 11

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 11

Consists of all the nerves and associated cells that are not part of the brain and spinal cord

Question 12

Somatic nervous system

Answer 12

Regulates activities that are under the conscious control

Question 13

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 13

Regulate the activities that are automatic or involuntary

Question 14

Pain receptors

Answer 14

Found everywhere except the brain and respond to chemicals released by damage to cells

Question 15

Thermoreceptors

Answer 15

Located in the skin core and hypothalamus and detect variations in temperature

Question 16

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 16

Found in the skin skeletal muscles and inner ear and respond to touch, pressure, stretching of muscle, sound, and motion

Question 17

Chemoreceptors

Answer 17

Located in the nose and taste buds and respond to chemicals in the
external environment

Question 18

Photoreceptors

Answer 18

Found in the eye and are sensitive to light

Question 19

Digestive system

Answer 19

A continuous tubelike passageway that extends from the mouth to the anus

Question 20

Digestion

Answer 20

Break down food into molecules the body can use

Question 21

Absorption

Answer 21

Movement of nutrients into the blood carries nutrients to cells throughout the body

Question 22

What is the passageway of food throughout the body

Answer 22

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 23

What are the three accessory organs in the digestive system

Answer 23

Pancreas, liver, and gallbladder

Question 24

Salivary glands

Answer 24

Make saliva, and begin mechanical and chemical digestion

Question 25

Esophagus

Answer 25

Muscular tube that leads to the stomach

Question 26

Peristalsis

Answer 26

Wavelike motion of two muscles contracting to push the bolus down the esophagus

Question 27

Sphincter

Answer 27

Ring of muscle at the base of the soffit guess prevents material from leaving the stomach

Question 28

Stomach

Answer 28

Produces chime or a semi fluid mass of digested food

Question 29

Small intestine

Answer 29

Absorbs nutrients and continues chemical digestion

Question 30

Large intestine

Answer 30

Eliminates waste and absorbs the water, minerals, and vitamins

Question 31

Pancreas

Answer 31

Secretes enzymes to break down and makes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidic time from stomach

Question 32

Liver

Answer 32

Produces bile

Question 33

Bile

Answer 33

Emulsifies fat and breaks down large that globules into smaller ones

Question 34

Gallbladder

Answer 34

Greenspan located beneath lobe of the liver

Question 35

Respiratory system

Answer 35

A group of organs working together to bring about oxygen and carbon dioxide the environment

Question 36

Nasal cavity

Answer 36

Lined with hair for filtering and kept moist by mucus secretion

Question 37

Pharynx

Answer 37

Located at the back of the mouth and is the common passageway for air and food

Question 38

Larynx

Answer 38

Located at top of trachea made of cartilage pieces that include the Adams apple and voicebox

Question 39

Trachea

Answer 39

(Wind pipe) Made of session rings of cartilage which provide protection and flexibility

Question 40

Bronchi

Answer 40

The trachea divides into two branches the left and the right ____

Question 41

Lungs

Answer 41

Main organ of the respiratory system

Question 42

Bronchioles

Answer 42

connect to tiny air sacs called Alvioli

Question 43

Alveoli

Answer 43

Separate gas from the liquid taking out carbon dioxide from the blood and replacing with oxygen

Question 44

Breathing

Answer 44

Caused by the diaphragm

Question 45

Circulatory system

Answer 45

Composed of blood heart and blood vessels

Question 46

What is the path that blood follows

Answer 46

Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

Question 47

Septum

Answer 47

Devides left and right

Question 48

Atrium

Answer 48

Top half of heart accepts blood and pumps to ventricles

Question 49

Ventricles

Answer 49

Bottom half of the heart pumps blood to lungs or body

Question 50

Blood vessel

Answer 50

Includes arteries capillaries and veins

Question 51

Arteries

Answer 51

Carry blood from the heart to the body

Question 52

Capillaries

Answer 52

Arterioles branch into these they're so small that sells must pass through in a single file line

Question 53

Veins

Answer 53

Blood moves from capillaries into these

Question 54

Excretory system

Answer 54

Confused of the skin lungs and kidneys main purpose is to remove metabolic waste

Question 55

Kidneys

Answer 55

Main organ of been excretory system to be shaped organs that have blood flowing into them through the renal artery and out them through the renal vein the waste removed from the blood by the kidney is carried out by the ureter to the urinary Bladder

Question 56

Infection

Answer 56

When your body is successfully invaded by a pathogen

Question 57

First-line defense

Answer 57

Primary defense against disease causing microorganisms

Question 58

Nonspecific

Answer 58

General defense protects body against all infections

Question 59

Second line defense

Answer 59

If pathogens managed to enter the body the ____ kicks in

Question 60

List the levels of organization from smallest to largest

Answer 60

Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems