Human Body 1

Question 1

Requirements for Living organisms

Answer 1

M - Movement
R - Respiration
S - Sensitivity

G - Growth
R - Reproduction
E - Excretion
N - Nutrition

Question 2

Movement definition

Answer 2

An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place

Question 3

Respiration def

Answer 3

The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

Question 4

Sensitivity definition

Answer 4

Ability to detect a stimulus/change in the internal or external environment and have an appropriate response

Question 5

Growth definition

Answer 5

Permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell size or cell number or both

Question 6

Excretion def

Answer 6

Removal of organisms of the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of the requirement

Question 7

Nutrition definition

Answer 7

Taking in of materials for energy for growth and development

Question 8

Nutrition requirement of plants

Answer 8

Light
Water
Ions
CO2

Question 9

Nutrition requirement of animals

Answer 9

Ions
Water
Organic compounds

Question 10

What are living organisms made out of

Answer 10

cells

Question 11

Levels of organisms

Answer 11

Organ systems

Organs

Tissues

Cells

Question 12

Cells def

Answer 12

Structural and functional unit in a living system

Question 13

Tissues

Answer 13

Groups of cells with similar structures working together to perform the same function (contains only one type of cell)

Question 14

Organs defination

Answer 14

Made from different tissues working together to perform specific functions

Question 15

Organ systems

Question 16

Diff plant and animal cell (on cell wall)

Answer 16

Plant cell has a cell wall unlike animal cell

Question 17

Diff plant and animal cell (on cell membrane)

Answer 17

In plant cell
Present internal to the cell wall

In animal cell
Forms boundary in cell

Question 18

Diff plant and animal cell (cell wall made up of)

Answer 18

In plant cell
Cell wall is made up of cellulose

In animal cell
No cell wall

Question 19

Diff plant and animal cell (chloroplasts)

Answer 19

In plant cell
Contain chloroplast

In animal cell
Dont have chloroplast

Question 20

Diff plant and animal cell (nervous coordination)

Answer 20

In plant cell
Dont have nervous coordination

In animal cell
have nervous coordination

Question 21

Diff plant and animal cell (shape)

Answer 21

In plant cell
rectangular

In animal cell
spherical

Question 22

Two types of microscopes

Answer 22

Light (organelles not visible)

Electron (organelles not visible)

Note:-
( organelles ribosomes mitochondrion)

Question 23

Function of nucleus

Answer 23

Contains genetic material which controls activities (growth and working) of the cell

Controls cell division

Question 24

What is the cytoplasm

Answer 24

Gel like substance that contains water and dissolved solutes

Question 25

Cytoplasm function

Answer 25

Supports internal structures Site of many chemical reactions (like respiration)

Question 26

Cell membrane

Answer 26

Holds the cell together separating the inside of the cell from the outside Its semi-permeable, controlling which substances enter and leave the cell

Question 27

Cell wall function

Answer 27

Made from cellulose (in plant) Gives the cell extra support Defines shape of the cell

Question 28

Chloroplasts function

Answer 28

Contains green chlorophyll pigments (to absorb light energy) and enzymes needed to photosynthesis

Question 29

Permanent vacuole (contains and function)

Answer 29

Contains cell sap (solution of sugars and solvents dissolved in water) Used for storage of certain materials Also helps support the shape of the cell

Question 30

Ribosomes (found)

Answer 30

Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm

Question 31

Ribosomes function

Answer 31

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis

Question 32

Mitochondria function

Answer 32

Site of the most reactions (like aerobic respiration where energy is released to fuel cellular processes)

Question 33

Where is the mitochondria most present

Answer 33

Cells with high rates of metabolism (carrying out many different cell reactions) have higher mitochondrion than cells with fewer reactions taking place

Question 34

Name 3 specialized cells in animals

Answer 34

Sperm and egg Ciliated Red blood cells

Question 35

Name 2 specialized cells in plants

Answer 35

Root hair Palisade mesophyll cells

Question 36

What are ciliated cells

Answer 36

Small structures present on mammalian cells (diff from villi/microvilli)

Question 37

Ciliated cells function

Answer 37

Movement of mucus in trachea and bronchi (nose)

Question 38

What are cilia

Answer 38

Extensions of cell membrane

Question 39

Red blood cells (shape)

Answer 39

Biconcave shape

Question 40

What part of RBC has haemoglobin

Answer 40

Cytoplasm

Question 41

Why do RBCs have a biconcave shape

Answer 41

Have biconcave shape due to lack of nucleus

Question 42

Function of root hair cells

Answer 42

Absorption of water and mineral ions from the soil

Question 43

Palisade mesophyll cells function

Answer 43

Contains chloroplasts that are used for photosynthesis

Question 44

Palisade mesophyll cells found

Answer 44

On surface of leaf in plants

Question 45

Function of RBC (Red blood cells)

Answer 45

Transport O2 Contain hemoglobin which combine with o2

Question 46

Magnification unit

Answer 46

Magnification has no unit (It is magnified by a factor of x1000)

Question 47

Magnification formula

Answer 47

Magnification = Image size ÷ Actual size

Question 48

Magnification triangle

Answer 48

I ___ M*A Magnification = image size / actual size.

Question 49

Convert micrometer (μm) to millimeter (mm)

Answer 49

1mm = 1000 μm

Question 50

Convert micrometer (μm) to centimeter (cm)

Answer 50

1 cm = 10000 μm

Question 51

Micrometer symbol/sign

Answer 51

μm

Question 52

What is μm

Answer 52

micrometer

Question 53

Cytoplasm of RBC contains

Answer 53

haemoglobin

Question 54

Xylem transports

Answer 54

Water

Question 55

Phloem transports

Answer 55

Food

Question 56

Xylem walls contain

Answer 56

Lignin

Question 57

In nerve cells What is the myelin sheet made from

Answer 57

Schwann cells