Human Anatomy Terms Flashcards
anatomy
the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts
physiology
the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts
anterior
ventral
toward or at the front of the body; in front of
posterior
dorsal
toward or at the back of the body; behind
medial
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
lateral
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
intermediate
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
proximal
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
distal
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
superficial
external
toward or at the body surface
deep
internal
away from the body surface
median plane
midsagittal
down the midline of the body
frontal plane
divides the body into front and back
transverse plane
divides the body into top and bottom
sagittal plane
divides body into left and right, not necessarily down the middle
supine
lying on back
prone
lying on front
right lateral recumbent
lying on right side with head on right arm, left arm across stomach
right lateral recumbent
lying on right side with head on right arm, left arm across stomach
left lateral recumbent
lying on left side with head on left arm, right arm across stomach
flexion
normally bending in the sagittal plane to bring articulating bones closer together
extension
movement in the sagittal plane that increase the angle between articulating bones and normally straightens out limbs
hyperextension
extending past normal straightened point
abduction
moving limb away from body
adduction
moving limb closer to body
circumduction
moving limb in a circular motion
rotation
rotating joint on its axis
lateral rotation
rotation away from body
medial rotation
rotation towards midline of body
pronation
radius rotates over ulna
palms down
supination
radius and ulna are parallel
palms up
dorsiflexion
flexed foot
plantar flexion
pointed foot
extension of the ankle
inversion
sole facing towards midline
eversion
sole facing away from body
protraction
sticking out
retraction
pulling back
elevation
raising
depression
lowering
opposition
thumb and finger placed together
opposition
thumb and finger placed together
dorsal body cavities
cranial cavity
vertebral cavity
ventral body cavity
thoracic cavity
diaphragm
abdominopelvic cavity
cranial cavity
contains brain
vertebral cavity
contains spine
thoracic cavity
contains heart and lungs
superior mediastinum
pleural cavity
pericardial cavity within the mediastinum
abdominopelvic cavity
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity
contains digestive viscera
pelvic cavity
contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
lateral flexion
movement of a body part to the side
