Axial Region: Bones and Bone Markings

Question 1

functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

support
protection for organs and systems
anchorage (origins, insertions)
mineral and growth factor storage
bone cell formation
RBC and WBC made in red bone marrow in flat bones
triglyceride storage

Question 2

osteocyte

Answer 2

bone cell

Question 3

osteocalcin

Answer 3

hormone for improved cognitive function

has a neuroprotective effect in animals

Question 4

functions of the skeletal system

Answer 4

support
protection for organs and systems
anchorage (origins, insertions)
mineral and growth factor storage
bone cell formation
RBC and WBC made in red bone marrow in flat bones
triglyceride storage in the yellow marrow in long bones
hormone production

Question 5

what type of tissue is bone

Answer 5

living and dynamic

Question 6

bone markings

Answer 6

dents and bumps on bones

in response to pressure

Question 7

orbits

Answer 7

eye sockets

Question 8

axial skeleton

Answer 8

forms the long axis of the body
the skull, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage
supports the head, neck, and trunk
protects the brain, spinal cord, and organs in the thorax

Question 9

appendicular skeleton

Answer 9

the bones of the upper and lower limbs

includes pectoral and pelvic girdles that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton

Question 10

sutures

Answer 10

interlocking, immovable joints

suture lines have an irregular, saw-toothed appearance

Question 11

cranial cavity

Answer 11

the cavity occupied by the brain

Question 12

foramen

Answer 12

hole or opening in a bone or between body cavities

Question 13

fossa

Answer 13

a depression

often a joint surface

Question 14

fissure

Answer 14

a groove or cleft

Question 15

periosteum

Answer 15

Membrane of fibrous connective tissue that covers the external surface of bones of the skeleton

Question 16

epiphysis

Answer 16

The end of a long bone, attached to the shaft

Question 17

epiphyseal plate

Answer 17

Plate of hyaline cartilage at the junction of the diaphysis (shaft) and epiphysis (end) of most bones in the growing skeleton; provides growth in the length of the bone

Question 18

diaphysis

Answer 18

elongated shaft of a long bone

Question 19

hematopoiesis

Answer 19

blood cell formation

Question 20

epiglottis

Answer 20

A leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage that extends from the posterior surface of the tongue to the larynx; covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing

Question 21

larynx

Answer 21

Cartilaginous organ located between the pharynx and trachea; contains the vocal cords; the voice box

Question 22

intervertebral discs

Answer 22

The discs between the vertebrae of the spinal column; each consists of fibrous rings surrounding a springy core.

Question 23

tendon

Answer 23

Cord of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Question 24

sinus

Answer 24

(1) Mucous-membrane-lined, air-filled cavity in certain bones of the face; (2) dilated channel for the passage of blood or lymph.

Question 25

process

Answer 25

prominence or projection

Question 26

lacrimal glands

Answer 26

tear glands

Question 27

red marrow

Answer 27

the site of production of red and white blood cells

usually in flat bones

Question 28

yellow marrow

Answer 28

the site of triglyceride storage

usually in long bones