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grade 8 - 4th quarter > Human Anatomy > Flashcards

Human Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

“”Wing-like” alae connect laterally with hip bones (forms sacroiliac joints)

A

sacrum

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2
Q

collection of 8 bones which hold and protect the brain

A

Cranium

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3
Q

has depressions that accept the occipital codyles (“yes nod”)

A

C1 - Atlas

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4
Q

The wall of a long bone consists of what tissue?

A

dense tissue

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5
Q

bone builders

A

osteoblasts

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6
Q

how many bones does the thoracic curvature have

A

12

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7
Q

Thought to be left over from when our ancestors had tails

A

coccyx

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8
Q

The skeletal system provides what for the body?

A

support and protection

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9
Q

skeleton of the extremities

A

Appendicular Skeleton

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10
Q

Found in skeleton where strength, compactness and limited movement are desired

A

Short bones

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11
Q

High water content

A

intervertebral discs

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12
Q

protect lungs and heart; gives intercostal muscles a hard surface to move against for breathing

A

ribs

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13
Q

What are the 2 paired bones in the Cranium

A

Parietal Bones
Temporal Bones

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14
Q

Usually small and round

A

Sesamoid (Round) Bones

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15
Q

Begins where skull meets spine

A

Cervical Curvature

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16
Q

first 7 pairs of ribs are called?

A

true ribs

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17
Q

What are the flat bones in the Cranium?

A

Frontal
Occipital
Parietal

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18
Q

pair of flat bones located on either side of the head

A

Parietal Bones

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19
Q

protects brain

A

skull

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20
Q

protect spinal chord; also serves to keep skeleton upright

A

vertebrae

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21
Q

Each bone is made of a body and two extremities. What are they called?

A

Diaphysis and epiphysis

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22
Q

How many bones does an adult have

A

206 bones

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23
Q

thin curved bones which project from interior of nasal cavity

A

inferior conchae

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24
Q

production of red blood cells, occurs within the marrow cavities

A

hematopoiesis

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25
Q

the sternum is surrounded by what?

A

costal cartilage

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26
Q

sends weight down to pelvis, where it is transmitted though the legs

A

spinal column

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27
Q

3 parts of the Axial Skeleton

A

Skull
Vertebrae
Ribs

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28
Q

cheekbones

A

zygomatic bones

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29
Q

what are the 5 functions of the skeletal system

A

Support
Protection
Hematopoiesis
Movement
Storage

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30
Q

How many total ribs do we have?

A

24

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31
Q

provides solid axis for muscles to act against, creating motion

A

storage

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32
Q

the coccyx is also known as the?

A

tailbone

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33
Q

Supports body

A

spinal column

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34
Q

forms roof of nasal cavity

A

ethmoid bone

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35
Q

how many vertebraes does the Lumbar Curvature have

A

5 vertebraes

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36
Q

Location for rib attachment

A

sternum

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37
Q

The process by which bones increase in diameter is called?

A

Appositional growth

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38
Q

Increase in physical exertion on bone tissue actually increases?

A

bone density and strength

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39
Q

central skeleton that protects and supports vital organs

A

Axial Skeleton

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40
Q

What are the type of bones?

A

Long bones
short bones
flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones

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41
Q

where disc protrudes from spine

A

Herniated (Slipped) Disc

42
Q

factors which contribute to bone growth

A

Nutrition
Exposure to sunlight
Hormonal secretion
Physical exercise

43
Q

2 divisions of the skull

A

Cranium
Facial Bones

44
Q

unpaired flat bone that makes up the forehead and upper part of the eye sockets

A

Frontal Bone

45
Q

skeletal muscles, attached to the bones by tendons, use bones as levers to move the body and its parts

A

movement

46
Q

how many bones does a baby have?

A

300 bones

47
Q

acts as pivot point for skull (“no” head shake)

A

C2 - axis

48
Q

Examples of Irregular Bones

A

vertebrae
sphenoid
hyoid

49
Q

What are the Facial Bones

A

Mandible
Maxillary Bones (maxillae)
Palatine Processes
Zygomatic Bones
Lacrimal Bones
Ethmoid Bone
Nasal Bones
Vomer
Inferior Conchae

50
Q

What are the 4 divisions of the spinal column?

A

Cervical Curvature
thoracic curvature
lumbar curvature
pelvic
- sacrum
- coccyx

51
Q

1 bone formed by fusion of 3 vertebrae

A

Coccyx

52
Q

Found in the limbs

A

Long bones

53
Q

Fusion of three bones

A

sternum

54
Q

unpaired flat bone found at the back of the skull

A

Occipital Bone

55
Q

UV light on the skin causes what Vitamin production?

A

Vitamin D

56
Q

Increased blood calcium triggers release of what?

A

Calcitonin

57
Q

Interconnected system of bones, ligaments and tendons

A

Skeletal System

58
Q

What are the Cranium Bones?

A

Ethmoid Bone
Temporal Bones
Sphenoid Bone
Frontal Bone
Occipital Bone
Parietal Bones

59
Q

connects skull to pelvis

A

spinal column

60
Q

inferior section of orbital bones provides passageway for tears

A

lacrimal bones

61
Q

where are true ribs attached to

A

attached directly to sternum

62
Q

What are the irregular bones in the cranium?

A

Ethmoid
Temporal
Sphenoid

63
Q

3 parts of the sternum

A

manubrium
body
xiphoid

64
Q

paired bone, located under each of the parietal bones. Irregular bone

A

Temporal Bone

65
Q

intervertebral discs Provides ____; reduces _____

A

cushioning; shock

66
Q

lower jaw bone

A

mandible

67
Q

Example of Round Bone

A

Patella (knee cap)

68
Q

bones such as skull provide barrier of protection from external forces

A

protection

69
Q

Bones which don’t fit into other categories due to irregular shapes

A

Irregular Bones

70
Q

Makes up posterior wall of pelvis

A

sacrum

71
Q

2 divisions of the Skeletal System

A

Axial
Appendicular

72
Q

divides nasal cavity in half

A

vomer

73
Q

Central canal called _____ is filled with marrow

A

medullary canal

74
Q

Made of bones which connect and protect heart and lungs

A

Bony Thorax

75
Q

point of attachment of ribs

A

costal demifacet

76
Q

what are the last 5 pairs of the ribs called?

A

false ribs

77
Q

bone-destroying cells

A

osteoclasts

78
Q

How many vertebraes does the cervical curvature have?

A

7

79
Q

As you age, water content ___, drying discus

A

lowers

80
Q

This process of long-bone growth is controlled by which hormones

A

growth and sex hormones

81
Q

The bony thorax is composed of what parts?

A

Ribs
Costal Cartilage
Sternum

82
Q

forms bridge of nose

A

nasal bones

83
Q

unpaired bone located in front of the sphenoid bone that forms a part of the nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid Bone

84
Q

the spinal column has how many total bones?

A

26 total bones

85
Q

2 examples of short bones

A

Tarsus (ankle)
Carpus (wrist)

86
Q

fuse together to form upper jaw

A

Maxillary Bones (maxillae)

87
Q

Where to each pair of ribs connect to?

A

A thoracic vertebrae

88
Q

Bone production process gives bone extreme tensile and compressional strength

A

ossification

89
Q

Sturdiest because under the most stress

A

lumbar curvature

90
Q

Pads of cartilage between each vertebrae

A

intervertebral discs

91
Q

14 bones that make up the face, all but 2 are paired

A

Facial Bones

92
Q

1 bone composed of 5 fused vertebrae

A

sacrum

93
Q

what are the last two pair of ribs?

A

they are floating / no sternal attachment

94
Q

surrounds and protects spinal cord

A

spinal column

95
Q

Used in sports where protection or muscular attachment is desired

A

Flat Bones

96
Q

unpaired irregular bone located just below the frontal bone

A

Sphenoid Bone

97
Q

directly posterior to maxillae; forms rear of hard palate

A

palatine processes

98
Q

where do false ribs connect to?

A

they have indirect or no attachment

99
Q

Examples of Flat bones

A

Most bones of the skull
Ribs
Sternum

100
Q

fat is stored in the internal cavities of bones; store house for minerals (calcium and phosphorus)

A

storage

grade 8 - 4th quarter (8 decks)

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