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Coastal Landscape Case Studies > Human Activity Intentionally Causes Change Within CLS > Flashcards

Human Activity Intentionally Causes Change Within CLS Flashcards

1
Q

Where has human activity INTENTIONALLY caused change?

A

Sea Palling

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2
Q

What is the main management decision?

A

“Hold the line”

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3
Q

What are the four types of management being used?

A

Recurved Sea Wall
Rock Armor
Beach Replenishment
Rock Reefs

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4
Q

What year was the management plan from that they are trying to counteract?

A

1995

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5
Q

How many off shore bars were built in 1995 and how much did they cost?

A

4
£5.9 million

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6
Q

How long were the 1995 bars and what was the space between them?

A

240m long
240m gap

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7
Q

What happened in the sheltered water behind the 1995 reefs?

A

Deposition > Tombolo effect

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8
Q

________ at Eccles stopped ___ to Sea Palling

A

Groynes
LSD

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9
Q

What consequence did the sand linking the 1995 bars to the shore have?

A

Interrupted LSD
Increased erosion further along

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10
Q

What is the Norfolk coastline made of?

A

Unconsolidated sediment

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11
Q

What is the annual amount of coastal retreat in Norfolk when unprotected?

A

2m/year

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12
Q

How many people does the beach support?

A

140,000 people in wider Broadland region

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13
Q

How much money do tourists bring in annually?

A

£3 million

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14
Q

What sectors does the beach support? (4)

A

Local employment
Energy
Tourism
Food production

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15
Q

Describe the rock reefs in the 1996 Shoreline Management Plan

A

5 rock reefs
160m long 160m gap
1.2m above sea level

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16
Q

How much did the 1996 rock reefs cost?

A

£10.5 million

17
Q

How much did the 1996 SMP reduce overall defense costs by annually?

A

£1.5-2 million

18
Q

What was the impact of beach replenishment?

A

Greater absorption of incoming kinetic energy

19
Q

What was the impact of the rock reefs?

A

Prevent coast extending too far out to sea reducing the sediment store

20
Q

What was the impact of rock armor?

A

Dissipates kinetic energy preventing erosion of landforms like dunes and removal of sand from the shore

21
Q

What was the impact of the recurved sea wall?

A

Reflects kinetic energy preventing erosion of landforms such as dunes and removal of sand from the shore

22
Q

What happened to the beach on the whole post 1996?

A

Widened and steepened

23
Q

What happened to LSD post 1996?

A

Waves go over the rock reefs so the beach could grow from the sediment deposition

24
Q

Where does the beach supply sediment to?

A

Waxham

25
Q

What direction does sediment move?

A

South as the PW is from the North

26
Q

How far above sea level were the 1995 off shore bars?

A

2.8m

Coastal Landscape Case Studies (4 decks)

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