Coastal Landforms Are Inter-Related In High Energy Coastline Flashcards
Where is this high energy coastline?
Saltburn to Flamborough Head, Yorkshire
How long is this coastline?
60km
What materials make up the adjacent North Yorkshire moors?
Sandstone
Shale
Limestone
What material is Flamborough Head?
Chalk
What happened during the late cretaceous and early tertiary periods?
Tectonic uplift of sedimentary rocks leading to folds and faults
What direction do the dominant waves come from?
North
North East
What is the fetch?
Over 1500 km
What is the wave height?
Over 4m
What is the erosion rates of shale and clay annually?
0.8m/year
What is the erosion rates of sand and limestone annually?
less than 0.1m/year
What are the three sources of sediment?
Nearshore area
Cliff erosion
River Esk
What has been the net increase in beach sediment between 2008 and 2011?
9245m cubed
Why has there been an increase in beach sediment?
Erosion and accretion
Winter storm surges
Describe the cliffs
Sedimentary rocks
Horizontally bedded
Vertical face
20-30m with 40 degree till angle
What are the cliffs like between Robin Hood’s Bay and Saltburn?
Much higher with a stepped profile because of the varied geology
What material are the headland and bays at Robin Hood’s Bay?
Weak shales
Resistant sandstone
What material is Flamborough Head?
Chalk with deep bays of clay either side
What creates shore platforms?
High energy waves causing erosion, cliff retreat and rocky shore platforms
What is the slope angle of the Robin Hood’s Bay platform?
1 degree
How many geos are there?
50+ N or NE facing
What landforms are there originating from the headlands? (4)
Blowholes
Caves and arches
Stacks
Inlets/depressions
Where are the best developed beaches along the coastline?
Low energy environments of Scarborough and Filey Bay
Why do beaches not form successfully? (4)
Sand and shingle accumulate very slowly
Low fluvial inputs
Slow erosion of resistant rock
High energy waves move sediment before it can accumulate
What sort of features does the coast lack because of the absence of sediment accumulation?
Spits and other drift aligned features
