HTN Papers Flashcards
Pathological changes in large and medium blood vessels
Arterialosclerosis
atherosclerosis
aneurosum
Pathological changes of small vessels
Hyline arteriolosclerosis
Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
Necrotizing arteriolitis
Hyline arteriolosclerosis
Elderly
Normotensive
DM
Morphology
Homogeneous
pink
hyline thickening
narrow lumen
Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
In malignant hypertension
Onion skin appearance
Smooth muscle cells
Basement membrane
Acellular fibrinoid
Vascular changes in malignant hypertension
Hyperblastic arteriolosclerosis
Necrotizing arteriolitis
Macroscopic changes of the heart due to hypertension
Enlarge
Increase weight
Thickening of left ventricular wall
Reduce inside volume of left ventricle
First left ventricular hypertrophy due to overload
Initially concentrically Hypertrophy without dilation
After dilation of the Chambers occur
Microscopical changes of the heart due to hypertension
Cellular and nuclear enlargement
Vary cell size
Interstitial fibrosis
Coronary atheroma
Changes of the brain due to hypertension
Atheroma
Infact (lacuna infact)
Aneurism
Hypertensive encephalopathy
How intra cerebral hemragers occur due to hypertension
By deep penetrating artery rupture
How slit hemorrhage occur in brain due to hypertension
By rupture of small calibre vessels
Macroscopical changes of the kidney due to benign hypertension
Symmetrically contracted
Fine granular surface
Cross section has thin cortex
Microscopical changes of the kidney due to benign hypertension
1) vascular changes
Hyline arteriolosclosis
Intimal thickening
2) parenchymal changes
Tubular atrophy
Interstitial fibrosis
Periglomerul fibrosis (glomerulosclerosis)
What are the things happen in kidney due to hypertension
Focal ischemia
Reduce GFR
MODERATE PROTEIN UREA
