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CPJE 1 > HTN/Lipid > Flashcards

HTN/Lipid Flashcards

1
Q

BP Treatment Goals

A

< 140/90 for all

< 150/90 for older than 60

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2
Q

Pregnancy BP Med of choice

A

labetalol

ACEi in pregnancy can cause fetal death

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3
Q

What BP meds increase lithium toxicity?

A

ACEi or ARBs

decrease lithium clearance

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4
Q

Which ACEi can be IV?

A

enalapril (Vasotec)

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5
Q

Tekturna generic

A

aliskiren

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6
Q

ACEi SE

A

cough, hyperkalemia, HA

angioedema (more in black pts)

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7
Q

True or False: All ARBs are oral tabs

A

True

-sartan’s

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8
Q

Which ARB must stay in original container?

A

Edarbi (azilsartan)

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9
Q

Which CYP do CCBs affect?

A

CYP3A4

DHP more potent like amlodipine, nifedipine

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10
Q

Which CCB appears in stool?

A

Procardia XL (nifedipine ER)

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11
Q

Contraindication for IV Diltiazem?

A

avoid IV beta blockers within a few hours

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12
Q

verapamil many brand names

A

Calan SR
Covera ER
Verelan ER
(the IR version is TID)

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13
Q

main SE from verapamil

A

constipation

gingival hyperplasia

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14
Q

Types of Diuretics

A

Loop(more potent. use for HF and edema)-Bumetanide, Furosemide, Torsemide.

Thiazide type use for BP-HCTZ, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metolazone

K+ sparing-Amiloride or Triamterene (avoid w/ ACEi, aliskiren, too much K+)

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15
Q

What class of meds interacts with a sulfa allergy?

A

Thiazide diuretics

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16
Q

Thiazide/HCTZ SE

A

take in AM

hypokalemia, photosensitive (need sunscreen), hyperuricemia

could cause glaucoma?

avoid with lithium and steroids

avoid NSAIDs

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17
Q

Which thiazide is ok if CrCl < 30 ml/min?

A

metolazone (Zaroxolyn)

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18
Q

What BP meds cause gynecomastia?

A

Aldosterone Antagonists

spironolactone
eplerenone

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19
Q

What BP med is on BEERs criteria?

A

eplerenone
spironolactone

due to hyperkalemia

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20
Q

K+ sparing diuretics (give w/ HCTZ if potassium too low)

A

Amiloride or Triamterene

21
Q

What class of BP meds can cause ototoxicity?

A

**Loop diuretics
**
furosemide
torsemide
bumetanide

22
Q

furosemide dosing

A

IV to PO ratio 1:2

ok in CrCl < 30

23
Q

Tenormin generic

A

Atenolol

renal excretion

24
Q

Zebeta generic

A

bisoprolol

25
Q

What Beta blockers are IV?

A

esmolol (Brevibloc)

metoprolol

26
Q

Lopressor generic

A

Metoprolol
(Toprol = brand for XL)
Take w/ food

**can mask hypoglycemia

27
Q

Bystolic generic

A

Nebivolol

* contraindication severe liver impairment

28
Q

Sectral generic

A

acebutolol

29
Q

Inderal generic

A

propranolol

30
Q

Cholesterol normal levels

A

LDL < 100
HDL > 60
TC < 200
TG < 150

31
Q

Adding Gemfibrozil to Statin therapy is not recommended due to what?

A

Myopathy

No statins in pregnancy

32
Q

Vytorin generic

A

simvastatin + ezetimibe (Zetia)

33
Q

Crestor generic

A

rosuvastatin

34
Q

Livalo generic

A

pitavastatin

35
Q

Pravachol generic

A

pravastatin

36
Q

Lescol generic

A

fluvastatin

37
Q

Which statin is not hepatically metabolized?

A

pravastatin

*all others are CYP3A4

38
Q

Lipitor generic

A

Atorvastatin

*no renal adjustment

39
Q

CYP3A4 inhibitors

increase myopathy risk bc statin metabolism is reduced when taken together

A

ketoconazole, itraconazole

clarithromycin

nefazodone
fluoxetine

cyclosporine
amiodarone

grapefruit juice

40
Q

How does Zetia affect Warfarin?

A

Increases INR (bleed risk)

41
Q

Welchol generic

A

Colesevelam (tab) - bile acid seq.

safe in pregnancy

42
Q

Cholestyramine

A

bile acid seq. (liquid)

2nd line for LDL lowering

43
Q

Lopid generic

A

gemfibrozil

also risk of myopathy. need to renal dose

44
Q

Tricor/Trilipix

A

fenofibrate

can increase INR

45
Q

What Niacin is off market?

A

Simcor-Niacin + Simvastatin

Advicor-Niacin + Lovastatin

no longer recommended with statins*

46
Q

Mevacor generic

A

lovastatin

47
Q

How to reduce Niacin SE?

A

Flushing. also pruritus

can pre-treat with ASA or NSAIDs

48
Q

What do omega-3 fatty acids treat?

A

TGs* (no effect on LDL)

Lovaza or Vascepa(Icosapent)

CPJE 1 (10 decks)

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