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Cardio > HTN > Flashcards

HTN Flashcards

1
Q

What is 2 cents?

A

2nd causes of HTN: Endo, CoA, Contraception use, Cushings, ApNea, Stenosis, Aldosterone, Pheo

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2
Q

Risk factors of HTN

A

Genetics, Obesity, Smk, FHx

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3
Q

First sign of HTN?

A

AV nicking–>S4

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4
Q

what are the labs of HTN?

A

normal

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5
Q

how do you diag Renal stenosis? how do you treat it?

A

US/MRA. Ace (if 1 kidney) -> stenting/Angioplasty

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6
Q

What is Cushing?

A

too much steroid (ACTH->Cortisol)

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7
Q

What does Cushings look like? How do you diag Cushings?

A

Central obese pt with buffalo hump with purple straie. Dexa supression or Spot Cortisol

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8
Q

What is hyperaldosteronism?

A

Retain too much Na = HTN, Hypokalemia, and HyperNA, Meta alkylosis

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9
Q

How do you diagnose Hyperaldosterone?

A

Measure Renin levels + Labs

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10
Q

What disease is diagnosed with catecholamines.

A

Pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumor)

A and B blockers

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11
Q

What disease has a sympathomimetic reaction?

A

Pheo

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12
Q

How do you manage HTN?

A

1) Wt lose, low NA, EtOH

2) CT or AT

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13
Q

What med helps for BPH

A

Alpha

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14
Q

What med helps forHTN and HF

A

Ace Thiazide

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15
Q

What med helps for Post MI and HTN

A

Beta Blocker

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16
Q

CKD and HTN medications are…

A

Ace/ARB

17
Q

What organs are affected by HTN

A

Brain, Retina, Heart, Kidney

18
Q

How fast do you decrease MAP in HTN urgency?

A

25% in 2 days

19
Q

How fast do you decrease MAP in HTN emergency?

A

25% in 1 Hr, Then drop 5% in a few days. EKG, CXR, Head CT, Trop, Funduscopic - IV antiHTN at ICU

20
Q

2 exceptions to dropping BP fast?

A

Ischemic Stroke and Aortic Dissection.

21
Q

What meds are used in HTN emergency?

A 
Stroke - Nicardipine, Labatalol
Dissection: Esmolol, NIcardipine
MI: Nitro, Esmolol
HF: Nitro, Furosemide
Renal: Fenoldopam, Nicardipine

Cardio (8 decks)

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