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Cardio > CHD > Flashcards

CHD Flashcards

1
Q

fetal blood goes from mom to what in baby?

A

IVC

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2
Q

What happens in PDA?

A

from aorta to pulm artery and back to lungs = HF & Pulmonary HTN

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3
Q

What can cause PDA?

A

Prematurity, Rubella

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4
Q

Presentation of PDA?

A

small baby, labored breath, Continuous Machine murmur, recurrant pulm infections.

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5
Q

what has a “slapping s2 and bounding pulse”?

A

PDA

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6
Q

How do you diag PDA?

A

Echo

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7
Q

How do you treat PDA?

A

Indomethocine (inhibit prostoglanding), furosimide, dobutamine, dopamine –> surgery

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8
Q

what is TOF?

A

PROV. pulm stenosis, RVH, Overaaorta, VSD

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9
Q

Maneuver for TOF?

A

Chest to knees

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10
Q

path of TOF?

A

blood goes thru aorta to pulm artery via ductus arteriosis. once PDA closes, no more blood to lungs = cyanosis.

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11
Q

TOF presentation?

A

Cyanosis, 2-10 days old, Single S2, Systolic ejection murmur. May have hypospadis, cleft palate.

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12
Q

How do you diag TOF?

A

CXR= boot shape, tachypnic, (Echo)

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13
Q

How do you treat TOF?

A

PGE1 (open ductus) & Surgery (BT shunt)

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14
Q

What is a complication of TOF?

A

Stroke

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15
Q

Can Beta Blockers help TOF?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Can you use CCB under 1 year of life?

A

No

17
Q

Whats is the patho in CoA?

A

Obstruction distal subclavian, near ductus arteriosis

18
Q

CoA presents with?

A

Systemic Shock, HF, and changes in BP.

19
Q

What disease are associate with CoA?

A

Turners, HTN, Bicuspid Aorta, Aortic Disection, CHF.

20
Q

Coa sounds like

A

systolic at left infraclavicular and subscapular

21
Q

how does CoA diag?

A

CXR- cardiomeg and 3 inverted, rib notching.

22
Q

How to you treat CoA?

A

PGE, doputamine, dopamine, and balloon angioplasty

23
Q

What is associated withCoa?

A

AAA, Cerebral aneurysm.

24
Q

What is restricted in CoA?

A

Isometric exercises

25
Q

What is the mc hole in the heart?

A

Ostium secundum of ASD

26
Q

ASD is associated with what 2 heart diseases?

A

A Fib and Eisenmengers (due to pulm HTN)

27
Q

ASD presentation?

A

Asymptomatic. DOE, URIs, Poor wt gain, CHF (if large enought)

28
Q

How do you diag ASD

A

Wide Fixed split S2. BNP elevated.

TEE - gold

29
Q

PDAs naturally close when this compound increases

A

Bradykinin

30
Q

What is a common SE of PGE?

A

Apnea

31
Q

What category of Congenital heart disease would benefit from Palivizumab?

A

Cyanoses (TOF)

32
Q

most likely to present as a ductal-dependent cardiac lesion?

A

CoA

33
Q

Maternal use of lithium can lead to what abnormality?

A

Ebstein’s = dialted LA and lower tricuspid with TR

34
Q

the most common congenital heart defect?

A

VSD

35
Q

following conditions is hypoxemia caused by a right-to-left shunt?

A

Eisenmenger

Cardio (8 decks)

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