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Endocrine > Htn > Flashcards

Htn Flashcards

1
Q

How would you teach a pt to apply TED hose/ stockings

A

After elevating leg 10-15 min. Apply ted hose.
Keep ted hose smooth
Change ted hose daily
Do not fold or roll down ted hose at the top

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2
Q

What procedure is done for a pt that has buerger’s disease

A

Sympathectomy

Relieve pain and vasospasms

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3
Q

What can cause aneurysm

A

Arthritis
Syphilis
Trauma to vessels wall

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4
Q

What are complications of. Varicose veins

A

Embolus
Leg ulcers
Stasis dermatitis

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5
Q

During vein stripping what occurs

A

A wire with a claw hook is inserted and the vein is pulled out like a sock inside out

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6
Q

What are the initial symptoms of a aneurysm

A

Asymptomatic/ no symptoms not till leakage occurred

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7
Q

If a pt. Presents themselves to facility with BP 200/120 complains of s.o.b, ha, dizziness, n/v what diagnosis and implementation

A 
HTN crisis
IV's 
Admitted to ICU
Antihypertensive meds
Monitor arterial pressure
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8
Q

First step to BP treatment

A 
Life style changes
Lose weight
Restrict etch
Exercise
Stop smoking
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9
Q

Step two BP treatment

A

Pt compliance

And start medications

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10
Q

Step three BP treatment

A

Compliance
Increase medication dosage
Add medication
Substitute second drug

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11
Q

A BP 140/90 is considered

A

HTN

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12
Q

On assessment of a pt with pvd what questions should the nurse ask dealing with pain

A

Onset/ causes

What relieves the pain

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13
Q

When a pt raises their leg and it turn pale

When the leg is dependent it red you know this is

A

Arterial

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14
Q

When the pt elevates leg and there is no change

And when dependent it’s cyanosis you know this is

A

Venous

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15
Q

If a pt has hard thick nails you know they have their circulation in legs are

A

Decrease circulation

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16
Q

Pt dorsal flex ankle and experience calf pain this is called

A

Homans sign

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17
Q

Pt lays supine and elevates leg 90 degrees for 30 sec. then a tourniquet is placed above the knee, pt stands for 30 sec and tourniquet is released. If vessels fill proximal to distal its positive. This test is called what

A

Brodie trendelenburg test

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18
Q

Pt complians of pain in the palm of their hands and arch of their foot this sign of what disease

A

Buergers disease

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19
Q

What are risk factors for buergers disease

A

Men age 20-40
Israel, Indian,Asian,oriental decent
Smokers

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20
Q

Main treatment for buergers is

A

To stop smoking/ smoking cessation

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21
Q

When should the pt labs be drawn

A 
Draw blood/ get baseline lab
Dr. Orders medication then you hang med
6hr after med is started check lab again
If normal don't have to check till a.m.
If not meds may have be adjusted/ stopped and rechecked in 6 hr
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22
Q

If a pt has a pt test >100 what to do

A

Notify md

Normal pt is 45-80

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23
Q

Pt with white coat syndrome is at risk for

A

Cardiovascular disease

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24
Q

What are interventions for thrombophlebitis

A

Elevate extremities
Don’t cross legs
Don’t sit/stand long periods

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25
Q

Main symptom of raynoulds disease

A

Spasm of the hand and feet

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26
Q

What causes secondary Raynauds disease

A 
Syphilis
Lupus
Connective tissue/ collogen disorder
Occupational trauma
Meds:beta blockers
Chemicals: binochloride
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27
Q

Who are at risk for varicosities( varicose veins)

A

Obesity
Family history
Pregnancy

28
Q

Out of the 6 p’s which one means the inability to move

A

Paralysis

29
Q

Out of the 6 p’s which one means coolness

A

Poikiothermia

30
Q

What are s/s of DVT

A

Edema(swelling)
Pain
Warmth
Positive homans sign

31
Q

A pt with DVT it is important to

A

Measure the circumference of leg and check pulses

32
Q

What are varicose veins

A

Protruding veins that are darken and torturous, vein walls harden become loose and lose elasticity

33
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150,00-400,000

34
Q

When a clot is stationary it is

A

Thrombus

35
Q

When a clot is moving it is

A

Embolus

36
Q

Diuretics taken every morning if swelling occur the pt should

A

Notify dr.

Decrease BP causes orthostatic hypotension
Have pt sit on sir of bed rise slowly

37
Q

When given diuretic check pt for

A

Allergies to sulfa

38
Q

Which pt are at risk for clots

A

Obese immobilized pt
Elderly immobilized pt
Contraceptive

39
Q

When a vein become infected it is called

A

Phlebitis

S/s redness warmth pain and streaking

40
Q

Pt is walking and has a history of DVT he becomes S.O.B and have chest pain you suspect this is

A

Pulmonary embolisms

41
Q

Pt future heparin injection is based on

A

PTT lab

42
Q

Ca channel blockers what do they do

A

Prevent reflex calcium which cause contractility/ spasm

Block ca

43
Q

A pt with a DVT has a vena cava filter/ umbrella filter what is this used for

A

To prevent clots from traveling to legs heart lungs and brain

44
Q

A pt with a massive DVT the dr would order

A

Thrombolitic/ streptokinase

45
Q

No homans sign

A

Move clot

46
Q

S/s of vascular occlusion

A

Cyanosis
Edema
Pain

47
Q

When will a doctor operate on a aneurysm

A

Abdominal 6-8cm

Thoracic 5-8

48
Q

What are discharge instructions for a pt going home with a aneurysm

A 
Contact md immediately 
Severe pain
Tearing of abdomin
Pallor
Diaphoresis
49
Q

After the pt has had abdominal sx for a aneurysm the nurse would

A

Monitor pulses,color, warmth of both lower extremities

50
Q

Who’s at higher risk for HTN

A

African Americans

51
Q

95% of HTN unknown is called

A

Primary/ essential HTN

52
Q

Causes of secodnary HTN

A 
Arteriosclerosis 
Atherosclerosis 
Hypernatremia
Stress
Alcohol
Sickle cell
Pregnancy
Occupational
53
Q

Why do increase in BP cause MI

A

Increase workload on the heart

54
Q

With raynaulds disease you want to

A

Avoid stress
Keep warm
No repetition hand activity

55
Q

Treatment for raynaulds disease

A

Ca channel blocker
Beta blocker
Avoid exposure to vinal chloride

Collagen and connective tissue disease can result from it

56
Q

What is the first medication given for HTN

A

Diuretics

57
Q

How to check a BP

A

Feet flat on floor
2/3 cuff
Arm flat on surface
Check both arms

58
Q

When a pt is rushing when will you check their BP

A

5 min after pt has rested

59
Q

How to control increase BP

A

Actively participate in treatment

60
Q

Thiazides medications

A

Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDIURIL, Dyazide)

Metolazone (Zaroxolyn)
Indapamide (Lozol)

61
Q

Loop diuretics

A

Bumetanide (Bumex)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Torsemide (Demadex)

62
Q

Potassium sparing meds

A

Amiloride hydrochloride (Midamar)
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Triamterene (Dyrenium)

63
Q

Anti hypertension

Beta blockers

A 
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
Timolol (Apo-Timol)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Carvedilol (Coreg)
64
Q

Ace inhibitors

A 
Benazepril (Lotensin)
Captopril (Capoten)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Fosinopril (Monopril)
Lisinopril (Prinivil)
Quinapril (Accupril)
65
Q

Ca channel blockers

A 
Amlodipine besylate (Norvasc, Lotrel)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Nicardipine (Cardene)
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)

Endocrine (5 decks)

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