Endocrine Review 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Pt presents with a fruity breath and deep respiations this condition is normal seen in type 1 diabetes

A

Ketoacidosis

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2
Q

Hyperparathyroidism s/s

A
Dehydration
Confusion
Lethargy
Arrhythmia 
Nausea
Anorexia
Vomiting 
Weight loss 
Constipation
frequent urination
Hypertension
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3
Q

Hyperthyroidism s/s

A
Weight loss
Nervousness
Weakness
Insomnia
Agitation
Tachycardia
Palpations
Dyspnea
Ankle edema
Difficulty concentration
Diarrhea 
Increase thirst and urination
Decrease libido
Scanty menstrual
Infertility
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4
Q

Hypothyroidism s/s

A
Decrease appetite 
Weight gain
Lethargic
Facial eye lid edema
Constipation cold intolerance
Apathy
Dry skin and hair
Husky voice
Slow speech
Muscle cramps 
Numbness
Tingling
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5
Q

What is cushings disease

A

Increase levels of adrenal cortex hormones that ACTH secretes

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6
Q

S/s cushings disease

A
Buffalo hump
Moon face
Enlarge abdomen 
Thin extremities
Hypertension
Hirsutism 
Streak purple marking(stretch marks)
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7
Q

What is Addison’s disease

A

Decrease function of the adrenal cortex

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8
Q

S/s of Addison’s disease

A
Bronze color
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Hypoglycemia (glucocorticoid decrease)
Hyponatremia (decrease sodium, from fluid imbalance)
Hyperkalemia ( increase potassium, fluid imbalance,pot. Retention)
Muscle weakness
Muscle pain
Orthostatic hypertension
Cardiac dysrhythmia 
Nausea
Vomiting 
Flatulence
Diarrhea
Dehydration
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9
Q

Treatment for cushings

A

Micro surgery pituitary

Adrenalectomy(glucocorticoid therapy)

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10
Q

Addison’s disease treatment

A

Replacement therapy
Prednisone (glucocorticoid )
Fludrocortisone(mineralcorticoid/aldosterone)

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11
Q

Cause and Intervention for pt with myxedema

A

In pt with hypothyroidism
S/s-loss of consciousness, hypotension,hypothermia,respiratory failure,hyponatremia,hypoglycemia
Treatment- IV fluids, levothyroxine, maintenance of airway,warming measures

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12
Q

If you have a pt that presents with myxedema what’s the most important intervention

A

Airway clearance

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13
Q

The thyroid gland need what to function

A

Iodine

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14
Q

Pt who have hyperthyroidism are unable to do radioactive iodine/ ablation therapy, they would get a

A

Thyroidectomy

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15
Q

Complications of thyroidectomy

A

Hemorrhage
Hypoparathyroidism
Vocal cord paralysis

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16
Q

Post op intervention for thyroidectomy

A
High fowlers
Head Neutral position
Continuous vs
Tracheostomy kit at bed side
Watch for signs of tetany,bleeding,swelling
No coughing,sneezing, bending forward
Pillows/ sand bags support head and neck
Calcium gluconate for emergency placement calcium
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17
Q

For a total thyroidectomy the pt needs ______ therapy. Subtotal thyroidectomy treatment?

A

Hormone replacement

Still secretes hormone so no need for hormone replacement

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18
Q

Dehydration in diabetes insipidus is caused by

A

Decrease in ADH ( decrease in sodium/ water)

19
Q

Goiter is caused by

A

Iodine deficiency

20
Q

When giving potassium iodine

A

Dilute and give it through a straw

21
Q

Pt is post op from a thyroidectomy and experiencing muscle cramps and positive chvosteks signs, might be what disorder

A

Hypoparathyroidism

22
Q

Thyroid is highly vascular, what would you do before surgery

A

Stop meds weeks before surgery

23
Q

Which gland secrets androgen

A

Adrenal cortex

24
Q

Which gland is endocrine and exocrine

A

Pancreas

25
Q

Corticoid inflammatory response

A

Cortisol

26
Q

Purpose for a hemoglobin A1c

A

Blood glucose for 3 month period of time

27
Q

Normal hemoglobin A1c level

A

<5.7

28
Q

Organ that secrets insulin

A

Pancreas

29
Q

Type 2 diabetes affects how many people

A

95%

30
Q

Stress elevates

A

Blood sugar

31
Q

Organ responsible for glycogen

A

Liver
Changes glycogen to glucagon
Increase blood sugar

32
Q

What is pheochromocytoma

A

Tumor of the adrenal medulla

Secretes catecholamines

33
Q

S/s of pheochromocytoma

A

Severe hypertension

Tachycardia

34
Q

Wha unit will a pt be on with pheochromocytoma

A

ICU

35
Q

Latent diabetes test would show

A

Islet cell antibodies

36
Q

The endocrine glands secrete

A

Hormones

37
Q

Hormone specific to fertility

A

LH

38
Q

Hypersecretion to endocrine glands is called

A

Hyperplasia

39
Q

When a pt is having Ct scan with contrast dye make sure they are

A

Not allergic to iodine/shellfish

40
Q

Pt had Hypophysectomy and void large amounts of urine you would suspect what condition

A

DI

41
Q

If pt has thyroid storm can they take aspirin/ salycilates

A

No contraindicated

42
Q

If pt is receiving radioactive iodine which destroys the tumor what is the adverse effect

A

Hyperthyroidism

43
Q

Main drugs for hyperthyroidism

A

Tapazole

PTU

44
Q

Main drug for hypothyroidism

A

Levothyroxine

Same time in a.m.