Endocrine Review 2 Flashcards
Pt presents with a fruity breath and deep respiations this condition is normal seen in type 1 diabetes
Ketoacidosis
Hyperparathyroidism s/s
Dehydration Confusion Lethargy Arrhythmia Nausea Anorexia Vomiting Weight loss Constipation frequent urination Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism s/s
Weight loss Nervousness Weakness Insomnia Agitation Tachycardia Palpations Dyspnea Ankle edema Difficulty concentration Diarrhea Increase thirst and urination Decrease libido Scanty menstrual Infertility
Hypothyroidism s/s
Decrease appetite Weight gain Lethargic Facial eye lid edema Constipation cold intolerance Apathy Dry skin and hair Husky voice Slow speech Muscle cramps Numbness Tingling
What is cushings disease
Increase levels of adrenal cortex hormones that ACTH secretes
S/s cushings disease
Buffalo hump Moon face Enlarge abdomen Thin extremities Hypertension Hirsutism Streak purple marking(stretch marks)
What is Addison’s disease
Decrease function of the adrenal cortex
S/s of Addison’s disease
Bronze color Fluid and electrolyte imbalance Hypoglycemia (glucocorticoid decrease) Hyponatremia (decrease sodium, from fluid imbalance) Hyperkalemia ( increase potassium, fluid imbalance,pot. Retention) Muscle weakness Muscle pain Orthostatic hypertension Cardiac dysrhythmia Nausea Vomiting Flatulence Diarrhea Dehydration
Treatment for cushings
Micro surgery pituitary
Adrenalectomy(glucocorticoid therapy)
Addison’s disease treatment
Replacement therapy
Prednisone (glucocorticoid )
Fludrocortisone(mineralcorticoid/aldosterone)
Cause and Intervention for pt with myxedema
In pt with hypothyroidism
S/s-loss of consciousness, hypotension,hypothermia,respiratory failure,hyponatremia,hypoglycemia
Treatment- IV fluids, levothyroxine, maintenance of airway,warming measures
If you have a pt that presents with myxedema what’s the most important intervention
Airway clearance
The thyroid gland need what to function
Iodine
Pt who have hyperthyroidism are unable to do radioactive iodine/ ablation therapy, they would get a
Thyroidectomy
Complications of thyroidectomy
Hemorrhage
Hypoparathyroidism
Vocal cord paralysis
Post op intervention for thyroidectomy
High fowlers Head Neutral position Continuous vs Tracheostomy kit at bed side Watch for signs of tetany,bleeding,swelling No coughing,sneezing, bending forward Pillows/ sand bags support head and neck Calcium gluconate for emergency placement calcium
For a total thyroidectomy the pt needs ______ therapy. Subtotal thyroidectomy treatment?
Hormone replacement
Still secretes hormone so no need for hormone replacement
Dehydration in diabetes insipidus is caused by
Decrease in ADH ( decrease in sodium/ water)
Goiter is caused by
Iodine deficiency
When giving potassium iodine
Dilute and give it through a straw
Pt is post op from a thyroidectomy and experiencing muscle cramps and positive chvosteks signs, might be what disorder
Hypoparathyroidism
Thyroid is highly vascular, what would you do before surgery
Stop meds weeks before surgery
Which gland secrets androgen
Adrenal cortex
Which gland is endocrine and exocrine
Pancreas
