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CS200 Midterm > HTML > Flashcards

HTML Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the client in the client-server model?

A

a personal computer

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2
Q

What are three attributes of the client?

A

slower, cheaper, smaller disks

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3
Q

what is an example of a server?

A

student.cs

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4
Q

what are three attributes of a server machine?

A

faster, more expensive, bigger disks

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5
Q

what are share points?

A

folders on the server that are made available over the network

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6
Q

how are network disks created?

A

by mounting a share point

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7
Q

how are network disks used?

A

the same as a local disk

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8
Q

what is a network folder?

A

a subfolder of a network disk

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9
Q

who can access a web server?

A

any client on the web

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10
Q

what can web servers return?

A

only files in the server subtree

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11
Q

what is a browser used for?

A

to request and display web pages

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12
Q

What decides how to render HTML?

A

the browser

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13
Q

what is a web page?

A

a file containing text elements, tags and URL

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14
Q

What are 4 things that browsers ignore?

A
  1. multiple blanks
  2. carriage returns
  3. blank lines
  4. tags they don’t recognize
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15
Q

describe the case sensitivities of HTML, XHTML, and XML

A

HTML: case insensitive
XHTML: tags must be lowercase
XML: case-sensitive

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16
Q

What does <head> contain?

A

information about the page

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17
Q

where can you add keywords for Google searches?

A

<head>
</head>

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18
Q

what does <title> define?</title>

A

the name of the page on the tab

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19
Q

what are 3 components of table formatting in HTML?

A

<tr>: table row
<td>: table cell
<th>: table heading
</th></td></tr>

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20
Q

what command can you use to nest a table?

A

<colspan = n>

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21
Q

Define the protocol, local name, domain, host domain name, port, and web root folder of the URL: http://jcbserver.cs.uwaterloo.ca:80/cs200/search/search.html

A

protocol: http
local name: jcbserver
domain: cs.waterloo.ca
host domain name: jcbserver.cs.waterloo.ca
port: 80
web root folder: slash between 0 and c

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22
Q

how do you define a space in a URL?

A

%20

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23
Q

what is a common gateway interface (CGI)?

A

a convention for identifying a particular application that form data should be sent to for processing

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24
Q

what are the 4 steps when submitting a form?

A
  1. data is sent to a web server
  2. the web server forwards the data to a CGI
  3. the CGI processes the data and returns a web page to the server
  4. the server passes the response to the browser
25
Q

what are three differences between GET and POST?

A

GET shows all entered information in the URL, and POST does not
POST is more secure than GET
POST is slower to process than GET

26
Q

what are logical tags?

A

named styles that the browser decides how to render

27
Q

what are 4 examples of logical tags?

A

<strong></strong>

<ol>
<p>
<em>
</em></p></ol>

28
Q

what are physical tags?

A

tags that the browser has no choice in how to render

29
Q

what are two examples of physical tags?

A

<b>
<i></i></b>

30
Q

how and where are styles defined in HTML?

A

defined using selectors in <head>

31
Q

what do properties do?

A

attach attributes to selectors like <p> and <span></span>

32
Q

what are classes?

A

property bundles that can be applied to properties

33
Q

how are classes implemented?

A

using P.A, P.B, etc. in <head>

34
Q

how are classes that are defined in <head> referenced in the body text?

A

CLASS = A, CLASS = B, etc.

35
Q

how are styles in HTML similar to hierarchical styles?

A

inner elements inherit properties from outer elements

36
Q

what is a cascading style sheet?

A

an external style sheet that can be used by multiple web pages.

37
Q

how are CSS styles referenced in the body text?

A

CLASS = “item”

38
Q

what does p{…} do in a CSS?

A

sets attributes for all <p> tags

39
Q

what does p.name do?

A

sets attributes for all <p class = “name” … > tags

40
Q

what does p#name do?

A

sets attributes for only <p id = “name” … > tags

41
Q

how would you set font equal to Palatino in italics in a CSS?

A

.item {
font-family: “Palatino, serif”;
font-style: italic;
}

42
Q

what does font-family: “Palatino, serif” mean in a CSS?

A

If the browser doesn’t have Palatino, use a comparable serif font.

43
Q

compare classes and IDs based on the number of uses and how to define them

A

classes: unlimited uses, define using “.”
IDs: can only be used once, define using “#”

44
Q

what do block-level tags do and what are 2 examples?

A

cause a line break

<div> and <p>
</p></div>

45
Q

what is an example of an inline-level tag?

A

<span></span>

46
Q

what is an inline-level tag similar to?

A

a character attribute style in Word

47
Q

how does <div> compare to <p>?

A

<div> also creates a paragraph, but has no default properties.
</div>

48
Q

What is the common order of HTML tags?

A

<html>
<head>
*added web page features
<title>
*title bar content
</title>
</head>
<body>
*web page content
</body>
</html>

49
Q

what is a web root folder?

A

a folder containing all the files that are visible to the public web
anything in this folder can be viewed and accessed

50
Q

what is an example of a web root folder?

A

public.html

51
Q

when should a relative path be used?

A

when all files are in the web root folder
when two files will be moved together

52
Q

what is the icon to move up toward the root using a relative path?

A

../

53
Q

how do absolute and relative paths differ in terms of code?

A

absolute paths have a “/” at the start, relative paths do not

54
Q

Where does a relative path start?

A

on the document containing the link

55
Q

what is an advantage of using a relative path?

A

it is easier to move pages around as you go

56
Q

when should an absolute path be used?

A

when you are referring to something on another page that is not in your web root folder.
when two files will be moved separately

57
Q

Where does an absolute path start?

A

at the web root folder.

58
Q

which type of path is necessary for files on two different machines?

A

an absolute path

59
Q

if the domain name is present, what type of path is being used?

A

absolute

CS200 Midterm (6 decks)

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