hsk5-learnchars-3 Flashcards

1
Q

fǒu dìng => to negate; negative (answer); CL:个

A

否定

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2
Q

guài bu de => lit. you can’t blame it!; no wonder!; so that’s why!

A

怪不得

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3
Q

shǒu xù => formalities; procedures; CL:道[dao4] ;个

A

手续

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4
Q

zhōng jiè => to act as intermediary; to link; intermediate; inter-; agency; agent

A

中介

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5
Q

shān chú => to delete; to cancel

A

删除

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6
Q

zào chéng => to bring about; to create; to cause

A

造成

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7
Q

ài xī => to cherish; to treasure; to use sparingly

A

爱惜

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8
Q

gū niang => young woman; young lady; girl; daughter; CL:个

A

姑娘

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9
Q

shí dài => age; era; epoch; period; CL:个

A

时代

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10
Q

gài niàn => concept; idea; CL:个

A

概念

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11
Q

shā => to kill; to murder; to fight; to weaken or reduce; to smart (topolect); to counteract; (used after a verb) extremely

A

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12
Q

zhuǎn gào => to pass on; to communicate; to transmit

A

转告

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13
Q

dì => to hand over; to pass on sth; to gradually increase or decrease; progressively

A

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14
Q

yí bèi zi => (for) a lifetime

A

一辈子

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15
Q

sī háo => the slightest amount or degree; a bit

A

丝毫

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16
Q

zhǎn kāi => to unfold; to carry out; to be in full swing; to launch

A

展开

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17
Q

jí qí => extremely

A

极其

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18
Q

zhào kāi => to convene (a conference or meeting) / to convoke; to convoke; to call together

A

召开

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19
Q

jīn shǔ => metal; CL:种[zhong3]

A

金属

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20
Q

bào dào => report; to report (new); CL:篇[pian1] ;份[fen4]

A

报道

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21
Q

jiǎ shè => hypothesis; conjecture; suppose that

A

假设

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22
Q

chōng => (of water) to dash against; to mix with water; to infuse; to rinse; to flush; to develop (a film); to rise in the air; to clash; to collide with

A

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23
Q

mì shū => secretary

A

秘书

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24
Q

kǒu wèi => a person’s preferences; tastes (in food); flavor

A

口味

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25
Q

bì jìng => after all; all in all; when all is said and done; in the final analysis

A

毕竟

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26
Q

cháo shī => moist; damp

A

潮湿

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27
Q

jí tǐ => collective; social; team; CL:个

A

集体

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28
Q

fǎ yuàn => court of law; court

A

法院

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29
Q

hǎi xiān => seafood

A

海鲜

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30
Q

néng yuán => energy; power source; CL:个

A

能源

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31
Q

chuán tǒng => tradition; traditional; convention; conventional; CL:个

A

传统

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32
Q

rén cái => a person’s talent; talented person; distinguished person; a talent (worth head-hunting); person’s looks; an attractive woman; used interchangeably with 人材; CL:个

A

人才

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33
Q

wáng zǐ => prince; son of a king

A

王子

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34
Q

chōng diàn qì => battery charger

A

充电器

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35
Q

ǒu rán => incidentally; occasional; occasionally; by chance; randomly

A

偶然

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36
Q

zhǎng wò => to grasp (often fig.); to control; to master; to know well; to understand sth well and know how to use it; fluency; to seize (initiative; opportunity; destiny)

A

掌握

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37
Q

bào gào => to inform; report; make known; speech; talk; lecture; CL:篇[pian1] ;份[fen4] ;个;通[tong4]

A

报告

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38
Q

chā zi => fork; CL:把[ba3]

A

叉子

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39
Q

zì sī => selfish; selfishness; self-centred

A

自私

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40
Q

zhé xué => philosophy; CL:个

A

哲学

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41
Q

guǒ shí => fruit (from work); results; gains

A

果实

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42
Q

hé zuò => to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together; cooperation; CL:个

A

合作

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43
Q

kuài jì => accountant; accountancy; accounting

A

会计

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44
Q

rán shāo => to ignite; combustion; flaming; kindle

A

燃烧

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45
Q

méi tàn => coal

A

煤炭

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46
Q

huàn xiǎng => delusion; fantasy

A

幻想

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47
Q

dǎo zhì => to lead to; to create; to cause; to bring about

A

导致

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48
Q

jù bèi => to possess; to have; equipped with; able to fulfill (conditions or requirements)

A

具备

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49
Q

yǎo => to bite; to nip

A

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50
Q

zé bèi => to blame; to criticize

A

责备

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51
Q

chǔ lǐ => to handle; to treat; to deal with; to process; CL:个

A

处理

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52
Q

biān jí => to edit; to compile; editor; compiler

A

编辑

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53
Q

xiàng mù => item; project; sports event; CL:个

A

项目

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54
Q

dài kuǎn => a loan; to provide a loan (e.g. bank); CL:笔[bi3]

A

贷款

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55
Q

wěn dìng => steady; stable; stability; to stabilize; to pacify

A

稳定

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56
Q

zhuàng kuàng => condition; state; situation; CL:个

A

状况

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57
Q

cù shǐ => to induce; to promote; to urge; to impel; to bring about; to provoke; to drive (sb to do sth); to catalyze; to actuate; to contribute to (some development)

A

促使

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58
Q

xuè => blood; CL:滴[di1] ;片[pian4]

A

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59
Q

jiāo shuǐ => glue

A

胶水

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60
Q

bèi => the back of a body or object; to turn one’s back; to hide something from; to learn by heart; to recite from memory

A

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61
Q

mà => to scold; abuse; CL:通[tong4] ;顿[dun4]

A

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62
Q

xiū gǎi => to amend; to alter; to modify

A

修改

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63
Q

xiàn shí => reality; actuality; real; actual; CL:个

A

现实

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64
Q

duī => to pile up; to heap up; pile (of things); a mass; heap; stack

A

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65
Q

qián tú => future outlook; prospects; journey

A

前途

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66
Q

jiǔ bā => bar; pub; saloon; CL:家[jia1]

A

酒吧

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67
Q

hóu zi => monkey; CL:只[zhi1]

A

猴子

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68
Q

gēn běn => fundamental; basic; root; simply; absolutely (not); (not) at all; CL:个

A

根本

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69
Q

jué sài => finals (of a competition)

A

决赛

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70
Q

pò huài => destruction; damage; to wreck; to break; to destroy

A

破坏

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71
Q

gōng néng => function; capability

A

功能

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72
Q

jī běn => basic; fundamental; main; elementary

A

基本

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73
Q

yuán gōng => staff; personnel; employee;

A

员工

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74
Q

gǎn xiǎng => impressions; reflections; thoughts; CL:通[tong4] ;个

A

感想

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75
Q

féi zào => soap; CL:块[kuai4] ;条[tiao2]

A

肥皂

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76
Q

zì mǔ => letter (of the alphabet); alphabet; CL:个

A

字母

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77
Q

cǎi hóng => rainbow

A

彩虹

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78
Q

cè yàn => test; to test; CL:次[ci4] ;个

A

测验

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79
Q

chéng jiù => accomplishment; success; attain a result; achievement; CL:个

A

成就

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80
Q

zhì xù => order (orderly; sequence; social); the state (of society); CL:个

A

秩序

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81
Q

gōng zhǔ => princess

A

公主

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82
Q

mó hu => vague; indistinct; fuzzy

A

模糊

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83
Q

yì yì => meaning; significance; CL:个

A

意义

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84
Q

gé wài => especially; particularly

A

格外

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85
Q

zūn jìng => to respect; to revere; to honour

A

尊敬

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86
Q

xíng dòng => action; to move; operation; mobile; CL:个

A

行动

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87
Q

chǎn shēng => to arise; to come into being; to come about; to give rise to; to bring into being; to bring about; to produce; to engender; to generate; to appear; appearance; emergence; generation; production; yield

A

产生

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88
Q

rén mín bì => Renminbi (RMB); Chinese Yuan (CNY)

A

人民币

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89
Q

dāng dì => local; in the locality

A

当地

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90
Q

gǔ zhǎng => to applaud; to clap

A

鼓掌

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91
Q

chē xiāng => carriage; CL:节[jie2]

A

车厢

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92
Q

hā => laughter; yawn; abbr. for Kazakhstan

A

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93
Q

hé lǐ => rational; reasonable; fair

A

合理

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94
Q

xiǎng niàn => to miss; remember with longing; long to see again

A

想念

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95
Q

bǎo bèi => treasured object; treasure; darling; baby; cowry; good-for-nothing or queer character

A

宝贝

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96
Q

jiān zhí => to hold concurrent posts; part-time; concurrent job; moonlighting

A

兼职

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97
Q

yí hàn => to regret; regret; pity; sorry

A

遗憾

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98
Q

hào kè => hospitality; to treat guests well; to enjoy having guests; hospitable; friendly

A

好客

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99
Q

yōu měi => graceful; fine; elegant

A

优美

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100
Q

dào dé => virtue; morality; ethics; moral; CL:种[zhong3]

A

道德

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101
Q

duì bǐ => contrast; ratio; CL:个

A

对比

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102
Q

bàn lǐ => to handle; to transact; to conduct

A

办理

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103
Q

zhì huì => wisdom; knowledge; intelligent; intelligence

A

智慧

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104
Q

zhàn => to take possession of; to occupy; to take up;

A

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105
Q

liáng shi => foodstuff; cereals; CL:种[zhong3]

A

粮食

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106
Q

qī jiān => period of time; time; time period; period; CL:个

A

期间

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107
Q

zī jīn => funds; funding; capital

A

资金

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108
Q

jiǎ => first (in a list; as a party to a contract; in terms of quality etc); first of the ten heavenly stems 十天十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1]; (used for an unspecified person or thing); armor plating; shell or carapace; (of the fingers or toes) nail; bladed leather or metal armor (old); ranking system used in the Imperial examinations (old); civil administration unit (old)

A

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109
Q

zuò wéi => one’s conduct; deed; activity; accomplishment; achievement; to act as; as (in the capacity of); qua; to view as; to look upon (sth as); to take sth to be

A

作为

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110
Q

bù => cloth; to declare; to announce; to spread; to make known

A

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111
Q

rì lì => calendar; CL:张[zhang1] ;本[ben3]

A

日历

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112
Q

yòu ér yuán => kindergarten; nursery school

A

幼儿园

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113
Q

qīng => green or blue; nature’s color; greenish black; abbr. for Qinghai province 青海

A

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114
Q

tōu => to steal; to pilfer; to snatch; thief; stealthily;

A

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115
Q

yìn shuā => to print; printing

A

印刷

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116
Q

xiàng liàn => necklace

A

项链

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117
Q

jià zhí => value; worth; fig. values (ethical; cultural etc); CL:个

A

价值

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118
Q

kǎ chē => truck; CL:辆[liang4]

A

卡车

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119
Q

zhǔ tí => theme; subject

A

主题

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120
Q

lí mǐ => centimeter

A

厘米

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Perfectly
121
Q

hé bì => there is no need; why should

A

何必

122
Q

zhǎn lǎn => to put on display; to exhibit; exhibition; show; CL:个;次[ci4]

A

展览

123
Q

xiāng dāng => equivalent to; appropriate; considerably; to a certain extent; fairly

A

相当

124
Q

xiǎo mài => wheat; CL:粒[li4]

A

小麦

125
Q

zì yóu => freedom; free; liberty; CL:个

A

自由

126
Q

yìng yòng => to use; to apply; application; applicable

A

应用

127
Q

dāi => foolish; stupid; expressionless; blank; to stay

A

128
Q

jiǎ zhuāng => to feign; to pretend

A

假装

129
Q

bì miǎn => to avert; to prevent; to avoid; to refrain from

A

避免

130
Q

yǔ qì => tone; manner of speaking; mood; CL:个

A

语气

131
Q

tòng kǔ => pain; suffering; painful; CL:个

A

痛苦

132
Q

kāi fàng => to lift (a ban or restriction); to open to the outside world (politics); to open for public use; to come into bloom (of flowers)

A

开放

133
Q

pāi => to take (a photograph);to clap; to pat; to slap; fly-swatter; racket

A

134
Q

gǔ wǔ => heartening (news); boost (morale); CL:个

A

鼓舞

135
Q

wán shàn => to perfect; to make perfect; to improve

A

完善

136
Q

yǒng qì => courage; valor; (to have) the nerve

A

勇气

137
Q

mó tè => (fashion) model (loanword);

A

模特

138
Q

shēng chǎn => to give birth to a child; parturition; to produce; manufacture

A

生产

139
Q

xiē => to take a break; to rest; to stop

A

140
Q

hòu bèi => the back (human anatomy); the back part of sth;

A

后背

141
Q

rú jīn => nowadays; now

A

如今

142
Q

xiě zuò => writing; written works

A

写作

143
Q

nèi bù => interior; inside (part; section); internal;

A

内部

144
Q

kě kào => reliable

A

可靠

145
Q

děng dài => wait for; await

A

等待

146
Q

shuì => taxes; duties

A

147
Q

jì lù => record (sports; written account); note

A

纪录

148
Q

shǒu zhǐ => finger; CL:个;只[zhi1]

A

手指

149
Q

chǎo => pan-fry; to fry; fried; sauté

A

150
Q

zhāo dài => to receive (guests); to entertain; reception

A

招待

151
Q

wèi yú => to be located at; to be situated at; to lie

A

位于

152
Q

sǎng zi => throat; voice; CL:把[ba3]

A

嗓子

153
Q

sōu suǒ => to search; to look for sth; to scour (search meticulously); to look sth up; internet search; database search

A

搜索

154
Q

kāi shuǐ => boiled water; boiling water

A

开水

155
Q

mù lù => catalog; table of contents; directory (on computer hard drive); list; contents

A

目录

156
Q

chí xù => to continue; to persist; sustainable; preservation

A

持续

157
Q

tài jí quán => shadowboxing or Taiji; T’aichi or T’aichichuan; traditional form of physical exercise or relaxation; a martial art

A

太极拳

158
Q

chéng rén => adult;

A

成人

159
Q

wèi kǒu => appetite

A

胃口

160
Q

wén => to hear; news; well-known; famous; reputation; fame; to smell; to sniff at; surname Wen

A

161
Q

wěn => to kiss; kiss; mouth

A

162
Q

biāo diǎn => punctuation; a punctuation mark; to punctuate; CL:个

A

标点

163
Q

fǎn ér => instead; on the contrary; contrary (to expectations)

A

反而

164
Q

zhuǎn biàn => to change; to transform; CL:个

A

转变

165
Q

chuán shuō => legend; folklore; tradition; it is said; they say that…

A

传说

166
Q

wēn róu => gentle and soft; tender

A

温柔

167
Q

shū jià => bookshelf; CL:个

A

书架

168
Q

wéi xiū => maintenance (of equipment); to protect and maintain

A

维修

169
Q

xī qǔ => to absorb; to draw (a lesson; insight etc); to assimilate

A

吸取

170
Q

huà => to row; to paddle; profitable; worth (the effort); it pays (to do sth);

A

171
Q

pén => basin; flower pot; unit of volume equal to 12 斗 and 8 升; approx 128 liters; CL:个

A

172
Q

jiù jiu => mother’s brother; maternal uncle (informal); CL:个

A

舅舅

173
Q

pǐ => classifier for horses; mules and tissue; ordinary person

A

174
Q

gāo dàng => superior quality; high grade; top grade

A

高档

175
Q

fǎng fú => to seem; as if; alike; similar

A

仿佛

176
Q

guó wáng => king; CL:個|个[ge4];

A

国王

177
Q

lěng dàn => cold; indifferent

A

冷淡

178
Q

qū shì => trend; tendency

A

趋势

179
Q

bó wù guǎn => museum

A

博物馆

180
Q

zì yuàn => voluntary; of one’s own free will

A

自愿

181
Q

shēng diào => tone; note; a tone (on a Chinese syllable); CL:个

A

声调

182
Q

wū zi => house; room; CL:间[jian1]

A

屋子

183
Q

gōng bù => to announce; to make public; to publish

A

公布

184
Q

cǐ wài => besides; in addition; moreover; furthermore

A

此外

185
Q

dǎo yǎn => direct; director (film etc)

A

导演

186
Q

bǎo cún => to conserve; to preserve; to keep; to save (a file etc) (computing)

A

保存

187
Q

bǐ cǐ => each other; one another

A

彼此

188
Q

bō li => glass; nylon; plastic; CL:张[zhang1] ;块[kuai4]

A

玻璃

189
Q

xiāo shī => to disappear; to fade away

A

消失

190
Q

yán sù => solemn; solemnity

A

严肃

191
Q

jì mò => lonely; lonesome

A

寂寞

192
Q

zhuā jǐn => to grasp firmly; to pay special attention to; to rush in; to make the most of

A

抓紧

193
Q

rì cháng => daily; everyday

A

日常

194
Q

gé bì => next door; neighbor

A

隔壁

195
Q

bú jiàn de => not necessarily; not likely

A

不见得

196
Q

shēng zhǎng => to grow

A

生长

197
Q

zhuī => to sculpt; to carve; musical instrument (old);

A

198
Q

kūn chóng => insect; CL:只[zhi1] ;群[qun2] ;堆[dui1]

A

昆虫

199
Q

rén kǒu => population

A

人口

200
Q

lián máng => promptly; at once

A

连忙

201
Q

cū cāo => crude; gruff; rough; coarse;

A

粗糙

202
Q

dài yù => treatment; pay; wages; status; salary

A

待遇

203
Q

xún wèn => to inquire

A

询问

204
Q

máo dùn => contradictory; contradiction; CL:个

A

矛盾

205
Q

tǐ xiàn => to embody; to reflect; to incarnate

A

体现

206
Q

jiān qiáng => staunch; strong

A

坚强

207
Q

bèi zi => quilt; CL:床[chuang2]

A

被子

208
Q

bāo hán => to contain; to embody; to include

A

包含

209
Q

xū xīn => modest; open-minded

A

虚心

210
Q

zhǎng => to rise (of prices; rivers)

A

211
Q

fú => width; roll; classifier for textiles or pictures

A

212
Q

xíng chéng => to form; to take shape

A

形成

213
Q

tí mù => subject; title; topic; CL:个

A

题目

214
Q

jì lǐng dài => tie one’s necktie

A

系领带

215
Q

wén jù => stationery; item of stationery (pen; pencil; eraser; pencil sharpener etc)

A

文具

216
Q

pīn yīn => pinyin (Chinese romanization); phonetic writing

A

拼音

217
Q

guāng hua => glossy; sleek; smooth

A

光滑

218
Q

dí rén => enemy; foe; CL:个

A

敌人

219
Q

wài gōng => (coll.) mother’s father; maternal grandfather;

A

外公

220
Q

rén yuán => staff; crew; personnel; CL:个

A

人员

221
Q

tuán => round; circular; group; society; regiment

A

222
Q

dì zhèn => earthquake

A

地震

223
Q

jiàng yóu => soy sauce

A

酱油

224
Q

jìn bù => progress; improvement; to improve; to progress; CL:个

A

进步

225
Q

dào lǐ => reason; argument; sense; principle; basis; justification; CL:个

A

道理

226
Q

shāng wù => commercial affairs; commercial; commerce; business;

A

商务

227
Q

chuán rǎn => to infect; contagious

A

传染

228
Q

zì cóng => since (a time); ever since

A

自从

229
Q

yè => night; evening

A

230
Q

yè wù => vocational work; professionnal work; business CL:个

A

业务

231
Q

áo yè => to stay up late or all night;

A

熬夜

232
Q

shí qī => a period in time or history; period; time (interval); phase; CL:个

A

时期

233
Q

guī zé => regulation; rule; rules and regulations

A

规则

234
Q

shì chǎng => market place; market (also in abstract); abbr. for 超级市场 supermarket; CL:个

A

市场

235
Q

fā dá => developed (country etc); flourishing; to develop

A

发达

236
Q

pī => to drape over one’s shoulders; to unroll; to split open; to spread out

A

237
Q

biǎo míng => to make clear; to make known; to state clearly; to indicate; known

A

表明

238
Q

zhuāng shì => to decorate; decoration; decorative; ornamental

A

装饰

239
Q

yóu lǎn => to go sight-seeing; to tour; to visit; CL:次[ci4]

A

游览

240
Q

tòng kuài => overjoyed; delighted; happily; heartily; enjoying; also pr. tong4 kuai5

A

痛快

241
Q

yuán zé => principle; doctrine; CL:个

A

原则

242
Q

qún => group; crowd; flock; herd; pack

A

243
Q

líng => (small) bell; CL:只[zhi1]

A

244
Q

bǔ chōng => to replenish; to supplement; to complement; additional; supplementary; CL:个

A

补充

245
Q

jiāo wǎng => to associate; to contact; association; contact

A

交往

246
Q

fēn xī => to analyze; analysis; CL:个

A

分析

247
Q

dào dá => to reach; to arrive

A

到达

248
Q

hǎi guān => customs (i.e. border crossing inspection); CL:个

A

海关

249
Q

zhǔ rèn => director; head; CL:個|个[ge4];

A

主任

250
Q

xì tǒng => system; CL:个

A

系统

251
Q

qīn ài => Dear or beloved (way of starting a letter)

A

亲爱

252
Q

xiū xián => leisure; relaxation; not working; idle

A

休闲

253
Q

qìng zhù => to celebrate

A

庆祝

254
Q

cǎi qǔ => to adopt or carry out (measures; policies; course of action); to take

A

采取

255
Q

shā tān => beach; sand bar; CL:片[pian4]

A

沙滩

256
Q

tiáo pí => naughty; mischievous; unruly

A

调皮

257
Q

rì chéng => schedule; itinerary; CL:个

A

日程

258
Q

hūn lǐ => wedding ceremony; wedding

A

婚礼

259
Q

yǐ jí => as well as; too; and

A

以及

260
Q

fēn pèi => to assign; to allocate; to distribute

A

分配

261
Q

bù mén => department; branch; section; division; CL:个

A

部门

262
Q

yǎn jiǎng => lecture; to make a speech

A

演讲

263
Q

nǎ pà => no matter how; even; even if; even though

A

哪怕

264
Q

xùn sù => rapid; speedy; fast

A

迅速

265
Q

jiē chù => to touch; to contact; access; in touch with

A

接触

266
Q

cóng cǐ => from now on; since then; henceforth

A

从此

267
Q

bào dào => to check in; to report for duty; to register

A

报到

268
Q

guǎng dà => (of an area) vast or extensive; large-scale; widespread; (of people) numerous

A

广大

269
Q

lǎo lao => (informal) mother’s mother; maternal grandmother

A

姥姥

270
Q

bù zhòu => step; move; measure

A

步骤

271
Q

dòng => to freeze; to feel very cold; aspic or jelly

A

272
Q

yàn huì => banquet; feast; dinner party; CL:席[xi2] ;个

A

宴会

273
Q

zhèng jù => evidence; proof; testimony

A

证据

274
Q

qiāo qiāo => stealthily; quietly; secretly;

A

悄悄

275
Q

zhěng tǐ => whole entity; entire body; synthesis; as a whole (situation; construction; team etc); global; macrocosm; integral; holistic; whole

A

整体

276
Q

kāi fā => exploit (a resource); open up (for development); to develop

A

开发

277
Q

xiào lv4 => efficiency

A

效率

278
Q

gǔ piào => share; stock (market)

A

股票

279
Q

shī rùn => moist

A

湿润

280
Q

bàng wǎn => in the evening; when night falls; towards evening; at night fall; at dusk

A

傍晚

281
Q

fǒu rèn => to deny; to declare to be untrue

A

否认

282
Q

sī chóu => silk cloth; silk

A

丝绸

283
Q

tǔ dì => territory; land; soil; local god; Lar; genius loci; CL:片[pian4]

A

土地

284
Q

zhèn => disposition of troops; wave; spate; burst; spell; short period of time; classifier for events or states of short duration

A

285
Q

wǔ shù => martial art; military skill or technique (in former times); all kinds of martial art sports (some claiming spiritual development); self-defense; tradition of choreographed fights from opera and film (recent usage); also called kungfu 功夫; CL:种[zhong3]

A

武术

286
Q

jǐn kuài => as quickly as possible; as soon as possible; with all speed

A

尽快

287
Q

xīn shǎng => to appreciate; to enjoy; to admire

A

欣赏

288
Q

wú shù => countless; numberless; innumerable

A

无数

289
Q

yì => a hundred million; 100;000;000; many

A

亿

290
Q

chéng guǒ => result; achievement; gain; profit; CL:个

A

成果

291
Q

nóng mín => peasant; CL:个

A

农民

292
Q

yàng shì => type; style

A

样式

293
Q

chū bǎn => to publish; to come off the press; to put out

A

出版

294
Q

jīng yíng => to engage in (business etc); to run; to operate

A

经营

295
Q

bù ān => unpeaceful; unstable; uneasy; disturbed; restless; worried

A

不安

296
Q

lèi xíng => type; category; genre; form; style;

A

类型

297
Q

gài => lid; to cover; canopy; to build

A

298
Q

liàng => bright; clear; resonant; to shine; to show; to reveal

A

299
Q

zhēn xī => to cherish; to value; to treasure

A

珍惜

300
Q

lín shí => at the instant sth happens; temporary; interim; ad hoc

A

临时