HS2004_2339 Week 6 Asyn_Solvents 1 & 2

Question 1

Uses of Solvents in Conservation (6)

Answer 1

Question 2

A homogenous mix of two sets of molecules is a _______

Describe the process of solvation

Answer 2

A solution

polar charges on the water allow it to surround the solute ions (like vs like, eg polar molecules)

Question 3

equation showing the energy involved when overcoming bonds between molecules

Answer 3

Delta Δ means a change in a property
- free energy ΔGmix can be positive or negative. negative value is more likely to take place, as is a larger number
- has to be negative for solvation to occur

Question 4

Diagram of solvent molecules being dissolved in a gel

Answer 4

Question 5

Diagram of different types of bonds, why do some solvents dissolve some polymers

Answer 5

Solvation occurs because of the structure of a polymer, and the structure of the solvent
- must have secondary attraction between the solvent and polymer molecules

Question 6

This is a fun game. Name the functional group!

Answer 6

Question 7

guess the functional group!

Answer 7

Question 8

How to decide the appropriate solvent for an alkane polymer

Answer 8

With alkanes, straight chain hydrocarbons, no oxygen, only dispersion forces, no hydrogen bonding, no polarity, so a solvent with lots of dispersion forces would be best

Question 9

Another diagram of different bond types

Answer 9

Question 10

Describe why water dissolves alcohol

Answer 10

• Diagram shows areas of polarity
• carboxylic acid, polarity in the OH bond and the double bonded oxygen
• water hydrogen bonds, and surrounds the molecules because of areas of polarity

Question 11

Describe the structure of a fatty acid, otherwise know as a long chain ________

Answer 11

• Carboxylic acid
• long hydrocarbon chain contains only dispersion forces, hence its hydrophobic
• the carboxylic acid is polar, hence hydrophilic, because it can hydrogen bond

Question 12

What works for solvating fats and fatty acids?

Answer 12

• to surround the hydrogen carbon chains, requires a solvent that is predominantly dispersion force- based
• Side note fats normally exist bonded onto a glycerol, reacting with the carboxylic acid, forming triglycerides!

Question 13

To aid with dissolving fats, we use __________

Answer 13

• Detergents

Question 14

To aid with dissolving fats, we use __________. Difference between nonionic and ionic structures?

Answer 14

• Detergents
• nonionic have a natural head with a lot of hydroxyls on, which attract water
• ionic have an ionic bond with sodium on the head (can go into solution and cause problems)

Question 15

How does the solvation of a fat work with soap?

Answer 15

Question 16

Working out the solubility parameter of a solvent

Answer 16

Question 17

List of Fractional Solubility Perameters

Answer 17

Question 18

How teas charts are plotted

Answer 18

Question 19

Calculating the solubility of mixtures of solvents

Answer 19

Question 20

uses and limitations of teas charts

Answer 20

Question 21

Testing and plotting the solubility region of a substrate- diagram

Answer 21

Question 22

what is bloom? (solvents)

Answer 22

How fast a solvent evaporates

Question 23

The solvation effects on varnish during cleaning

Answer 23

Question 24

some notes on solvent concentrations

Answer 24

Question 25

details about paint & its removal

Answer 25