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SHRM-CP 2021 > HR Workplace > Flashcards

HR Workplace Flashcards

1
Q

What is redevelopment?

A

Process by which an organization moves an employee out of an international assignment; can involve moving back to the home country, moving to a different global location, or moving to a new location or position in the current host country.

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2
Q

What is globalization?

A

Status of growing interconnectedness and interdependency among countries, people, markets, and organizations worldwide.

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3
Q

What is process alignment?

A

Extent to which underlying operations such as IT, finance, or HR integrate across locations.

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4
Q

What is Local responsiveness (LR)?

A

Globalization strategy that emphasizes adapting to the needs of local markets and allows subsidiaries to develop unique products, structures, and systems.

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5
Q

What is onshoring?

A

Relocation of business processes or production to a lower-cost location inside the same country as the business.

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6
Q

What is offshoring?

A

Method by which an organization relocates its processes or production to an international location through subsidiaries or third-party affiliates.

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7
Q

What is an Identity alignment?

A

Extent to which diversity is embraced in management of people, products/services, and branding.What i

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8
Q

What is Multinational enterprises (MNEs)?

A

Organizations that own or control production or service facilities in one or more countries other than the home country.

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9
Q

What is Assignees?

A

Employees who work outside their home countries.

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10
Q

What is outsourcing?

A

Process by which an organization contracts with third-party vendors to provide selected services/activities instead of hiring new employees.

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11
Q

What is Repatriation?

A

Process by which employees returning from international assignments reintegrate into their home country’s culture, conditions, and employment.

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12
Q

What is Reverse innovation?

A

Innovations created for or by emerging-economy markets and then imported to developed-economy markets.

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13
Q

What is Near-shoring?

A

Practice of contracting a part of business processes or production to an external company in a country that is relatively close (e.g., within the same own region).

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14
Q

What is Global integration (GI)?

A

Globalization strategy that emphasizes consistency of approach, standardization of processes, and a common corporate culture across global operations.

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15
Q

What is covering?

A

Defensive behavior that occurs when an organization recruits a diverse workforce but, consciously or otherwise, promotes assimilation rather than inclusion.

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16
Q

What is an Employee resource group (ERG)?

A

Voluntary group for employees who share a particular diversity dimension (race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc.); also known as affinity group or network group.

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17
Q

What is Inclusion?

A

Extent to which each person in an organization feels welcomed, respected, supported, and valued as a team member.

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18
Q

What is a Diversity council?

A

Task force created to define a diversity and inclusion initiative and guide the development and implementation process.

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19
Q

What is diversity?

A

Differences in people’s characteristics (such as socioeconomic status, beliefs, personality, thought processes, work style, race, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, education, job function, etc.).

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20
Q

What is Risk appetite?

A

Differences in people’s characteristics (such as socioeconomic status, beliefs, personality, thought processes, work style, race, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, education, job function, etc.).

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21
Q

What is Risk position?

A

Organization’s desired gain or acceptable loss in value.

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22
Q

What is a Principal-agent problem?

A

Situation in which an agent (e.g., an employee) makes decisions for a principal (e.g., an employer) potentially on the basis of personal incentives that may not be aligned with the principal’s incentives.

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23
Q

What is Annualized loss expectancy (ALE)?

A

Expected monetary loss for an asset due to a risk over a one-year period; calculated by multiplying single loss expectancy by annualized rate of occurrence.

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24
Q

What is Single loss expectancy (SLE)?

A

Expected monetary loss every time a risk occurs; calculated by multiplying asset value by exposure factor.

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25
Q

What is risk?

A

Uncertainty that has an effect on an objective, where outcomes may include opportunities, losses, and threats.

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26
Q

What is whistle blowing?

A

Reporting of an organization’s violations of policies and processes by employees.

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27
Q

What is risk tolerance?

A

Amount of uncertainty an organization is willing to pursue or to accept to attain its risk management goals.

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28
Q

What is Risk scorecard?

A

Tool used to gather individual assessments of various characteristics of risk (e.g., frequency of occurrence; degree of impact, loss, or gain for the organization; degree of efficacy of current controls).

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29
Q

What is a moral hazard?

A

Situation in which one party engages in risky behavior knowing that it is protected against the risk because another party will incur any resulting loss.

30
Q

What is risk control?

A

Action taken to manage a risk.

31
Q

What is a contingency plan?

A

Protocol that an organization implements when an identified risk event occurs.

32
Q

What is a conflict of interest?

A

Situation in which a person or organization may benefit from undue influence due to involvement in outside activities, relationships, or investments that conflict with or have an impact on the employment relationship or its outcomes.

33
Q

What is Residual risk?

A

Amount of uncertainty that remains after all risk management efforts have been exhausted.

34
Q

What are Key risk indicators (KRIs)?

A

Metrics that provide an early signal of increasing risk exposures for an enterprise.

35
Q

What is duty of care?

A

Principle that organizations should take all steps that are reasonably possible to ensure the health, safety, and well-being of employees and protect them from foreseeable injury.

36
Q

What is the a hazard?

A

Potential for harm, often associated with a condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled, can result in injury or illness.

37
Q

What is triple bottom line?

A

Economic, social, and environmental impact metrics used to determine an organization’s success.

38
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Practice of purchasing and using resources wisely by balancing economic, social, and environmental concerns, with the goal of securing the interests of present and future generations.

39
Q

What is Corporate social responsibility (CSR)?

A

Varying ways an organization can create value, looking beyond traditional profit measures of revenue and expenses; includes such areas as philanthropy, volunteerism, corporate-sponsored community programs, social change, sustainability, corporate governance, employee rights, and workplace safety.

40
Q

What is ethics?

A

Set of behavioral guidelines that an organization expects all of its directors, managers, and employees to follow to ensure appropriate moral and ethical business standards.

41
Q

What is governance?

A

System of rules and processes set up by an organization to ensure its compliance with local and international laws, accounting rules, ethical norms, internal codes of conduct, and other standards.

42
Q

What is compliance?

A

State of being in accordance with all national, federal, regional, and/or local laws, regulations, and/or other government authority requirements applicable to the places in which an organization operates.

43
Q

What are Exempt employees?

A

Employees who are excluded from U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.

44
Q

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do?

A

First comprehensive U.S. law making it unlawful to discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

45
Q

What was Faragher v. City of Boca Raton about?

A

U.S. court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not.

46
Q

What is the National Defense Authorization Acts (NDAA)?

A

U.S. acts that expanded FMLA leave for employees with family members who are covered members of the military.

47
Q

What is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)?

A

U.S. act that requires that all publicly held companies establish internal controls and procedures for financial reporting to reduce the possibility of corporate fraud.

48
Q

What is the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACT Act)?

A

U.S act that frees employers who use third parties to conduct workplace investigations from the consent and disclosure requirements of the Fair Credit Reporting Act in certain cases.

49
Q

What is the Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth?

A

U.S. court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not.

50
Q

What is Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)

A

U.S. act that prohibits discrimination against job applicants on the basis of national origin or citizenship and establishes penalties for hiring undocumented workers.

51
Q

Type of discrimination that occurs when an applicant or employee is treated differently because of his or her membership in a protected class.

A

Disparate treatment

52
Q

Injury that results from a work-related accident or exposure involving a single incident in the work environment.

A

Occupational injury

53
Q

Self-employed individuals hired on a contract basis for specialized services.

A

Independent contractors

54
Q

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

A

U.S act that establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, youth employment, and record-keeping standards affecting full- and part-time workers in the private sector and in federal, state, and local governments.

55
Q

Amendments to U.S. Americans with Disabilities Act covering the definition of individuals regarded as having a disability, mitigating measures, and other rules to guide the analysis of what constitutes a disability.

A

ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA)

56
Q

Type of liability insurance covering an organization against claims by employees, former employees, and employment candidates alleging that their legal rights in the employment relationship have been violated.

A

Employment practices liability insurance (EPLI)

57
Q

Union employees’ right in U.S. to have a union representative or coworker present during an investigatory interview.

A

Weingarten rights

58
Q

Primary job duties that a qualified individual must be able to perform, either with or without accommodation.

A

Essential functions

59
Q

What is Vesting?

A

Process by which a retirement benefit becomes nonforfeitable.

60
Q

1992 case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that an employer cannot be compelled to allow nonemployee organizers onto the business property.

A

Lechmere, Inc. v. NLRB

61
Q

2010 U.S. law that requires virtually all citizens and legal residents to have minimum health coverage and requires employers with more than 50 full-time employees to provide health coverage that meets minimum benefit specifications or pay a penalty.

A

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)

62
Q

U.S. act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability.

A

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

63
Q

What is Disparate impact?

A

Type of discrimination that results when a policy that appears to be neutral has a discriminatory effect; also known as adverse impact.

64
Q

What is a veto?

A

Action of rejecting a bill or statute.

65
Q

What is the prudent person rule?

A

States that a fiduciary of a plan covered by the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act has legal and financial obligations not to take more risks when investing employee benefit program funds than a reasonably knowledgeable, prudent investor would under similar circumstances.

66
Q

What non-exempt employees?

A

Employees covered under U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act regulations, including minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.

67
Q

U.S. act that expands the possible damage awards available to victims of intentional discrimination to include compensatory and punitive damages; gives plaintiffs in cases of alleged discrimination the right to a jury trial.

A

Civil Rights Act of 1991

68
Q

What are the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures?

A

Procedural document designed to assist employers in complying with federal regulations prohibiting discrimination.

69
Q

What is an Amendment?

A

Modification of the U.S. Constitution or a U.S. law.

70
Q

U.S. law that requires federal contractors with contracts of $100,000 or more as well as recipients of grants from federal government to certify that they are maintaining a drug-free workplace.

A

Drug-Free Workplace Act

71
Q

What is Sexual orientation?

A

Sexual, romantic, or emotional/spiritual attraction that one feels for persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or both sexes and more than one gender.

72
Q

What is the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)?

A

U.S act that protects privacy of background information and ensures that information supplied is accurate.

SHRM-CP 2021 (4 decks)

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