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SHRM-CP 2021 > HR People > Flashcards

HR People Flashcards

1
Q

Define benchmarking

A

Process by which an organization identifies performance gaps and sets goals for performance improvement by comparing its data, performance levels, and/or processes against those of other organizations.

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2
Q

What is a lagging indicator?

A

Type of metric describing an activity or change in performance that has already occurred.

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3
Q

What is SWOT Analysis?

A

Method for assessment of an organization’s strategic capabilities through use of the environmental scanning process, by which internal and external factors affecting achievement of organizational goals are identified and considered. Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Treats.

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4
Q

What is strategic planning?

A

Process of setting goals and designing a path toward a competitive position.

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5
Q

What is a leading indicator?

A

Type of metric describing an activity that can change future performance and predict success in the achievement of strategic goals.

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6
Q

What is system thinking?

A

Process for understanding how seemingly independent units within a larger entity interact with and influence one another.

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7
Q

What is PESTLE Analysis?

A

Scanning process that searches for environmental forces in political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental categories.

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8
Q

What is a mission statement?

A

Concise outline of an organization’s strategy, specifying the activities the organization intends to pursue and the course its management has charted for the future.

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9
Q

What is a strategy?

A

Plan of action for accomplishing an organization’s overall and long-range goals.

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10
Q

What is strategic management?

A

System of actions that leaders take to drive an organization toward its goals and objectives.

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11
Q

What is strategic fit?

A

State in which an organization’s strategy is consistent with its external opportunities and circumstances and its internal structure, resources, and capabilities.

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12
Q

What is balanced scorecard?

A

Performance management tool that depicts an organization’s overall performance, as measured against goals, lagging indicators, and leading indicators.

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13
Q

What are value drivers?

A

Actions, processes, or results that are needed to deliver a desired value.

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14
Q

What is organizational values?

A

Beliefs and principles defined by an organization to direct and govern its employees’ behavior.

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15
Q

Define Vision Statement

A

Description of what an organization hopes to attain and accomplish in the future, which guides it toward that defined direction.

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16
Q

What is compensation?

A

All financial returns (beyond any tangible benefits payments or services), including salary and allowances.

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17
Q

What is environmental scanning?

A

Process that involves a systematic survey and interpretation of relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats and to assess how these factors affect the organization currently and how they are likely to affect the organization in the future.

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18
Q

What three generic strategies for success are identified in Michael Porter’s model?

A

Cost leadership, differentiation, focus

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19
Q

What is recruitment?

A

Process by which an organization seeks out candidates and encourages them to apply for job openings.

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20
Q

What is orientation?

A

Process by which new employees become familiar with the organization and with their specific department, coworkers, and job.

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21
Q

What is a job description?

A

Document that describes a job and its essential functions and requirements (including tasks, knowledge, skills, abilities, responsibilities, and reporting structure).

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22
Q

What is selection screening?

A

Analyzing candidates’ application forms, curricula vitae, and resumes to locate the most-qualified candidates for an open job.

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23
Q

What is headcount?

A

Number of people on an organization’s payroll at a particular moment in time.

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24
Q

What is sourcing for an organization?

A

Process by which an organization generates a pool of qualified job applicants.

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25
Q

What is a candidates competencies?

A

Clusters of highly interrelated attributes, including knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), that give rise to the behaviors needed to perform a given job effectively.

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26
Q

What is onboarding?

A

Process of assimilating new employees into an organization through orientation programs and their experiences in their first months of employment

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27
Q

What is employee value proposition (EVP)?

A

Employees’ perceived value of the total rewards and tangible and intangible benefits they receive from the organization as part of employment, which drives unique and compelling organizational strategies for talent acquisition, retention and engagement.

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28
Q

What is job specifications?

A

Written statements of the minimum qualifications for the job incumbent.

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29
Q

What are selection interviews purpose?

A

Interviews designed to probe areas of interest to the interviewer in order to determine how well a job candidate meets the needs of the organization.

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30
Q

What is employer branding purpose?

A

Process of positioning an organization as an “employer of choice” in the labor market.

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31
Q

What is staffing function?

A

HR function that acts on the organizational human capital needs identified through workforce planning and attempts to provide an adequate supply of qualified individuals to complete the body of work necessary for the organization’s financial success.

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32
Q

What is selection processes purpose?

A

Process of evaluating the most suitable candidates for a position.

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33
Q

What is performance management?

A

Tools, activities, and processes that an organization uses to manage, maintain, and/or improve the job performance of employees

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34
Q

What is an employees well being?

A

Physical, psychological, and social aspects of employee health.

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35
Q

What is performance standards?

A

Behaviors and results as defined by an organization to communicate the expectations of management.

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36
Q

What is the purpose of a stay interview?

A

Structured conversations with employees for the purpose of determining which aspects of a job encourage employee retention or may be improved to do so.

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37
Q

What is employee engagement?

A

Employees’ emotional commitment to an organization, demonstrated by their willingness to put in discretionary effort to promote the organization’s effective functioning.

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38
Q

What is an employees life cycle ((ELC)?

A

Activities associated with an employee’s tenure in an organization.

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39
Q

What does employee surveys measure?

A

Instruments that collect and assess information on employees’ attitudes on and perceptions of the work environment or employment conditions.

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40
Q

What is the purpose of a realistic job preview (RJP)?

A

Tool used to provide a job applicant with honest, complete information about a job and the work environment.

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41
Q

What does the performance appraisal measure?

A

Process of measuring and evaluating an employee’s adherence to performance standards and providing feedback to the employee.

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42
Q

What is the definition of retention?

A

Ability of an organization to keep its employees.

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43
Q

How do visual learners retain information?

A

People who learn best by relying on their sense of sight.

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44
Q

What is career development?

A

Progression through a series of employment stages characterized by relatively unique issues, themes, and tasks.

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45
Q

What is a webinar?

A

Form of webconferencing where a presenter facilitates communication of material or information to an audience in real time.

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46
Q

How do kinesthetic learners retain information?

A

People who learn best through a hands-on approach; also called tactile learners

47
Q

What do learning management systems (LMS) track?

A

System that holds course content information and has the capability of tracking and managing employee course registrations, career development, and other employee development activities.

48
Q

What does situational judgment tools (SJT) assess?

A

Assessment tools that present prospective leaders with sample situations and problems they might encounter in a work environment.

49
Q

Define Learning Organization

A

Organization characterized by a capability to adapt to changes in environment.

50
Q

What does career planning help with?

A

Actions and activities that individuals perform in order to give direction to their work lives.

51
Q

Define Training

A

Process by which employees are provided with the knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) specific to a task or job.

52
Q

What does job enrichment do for an employee?

A

Process of increasing a job’s depth by adding responsibilities to the job.

53
Q

What is a pilot program?

A

Learning/development programs offered initially in a controlled environment with a segment of the target audience.

54
Q

Define e-learning

A

Electronic media delivery of educational and training materials, processes, and programs.

55
Q

What is coaching?

A

Focused, interactive communication and guidance intended to develop and enhance on-the-job performance, knowledge, or behavior.

56
Q

What is the purpose of development activities for an employee?

A

Activities that focus on preparing employees for future responsibilities while increasing their capacity to perform their current jobs.

57
Q

How do auditory learners retain information?

A

People who learn best by relying on their sense of hearing.

58
Q

What is a job rotation?

A

Movement between different jobs within the same company

59
Q

What is transferring of learning in a job?

A

Effective and continuing on-the-job application of the knowledge and skills gained through a training experience.

60
Q

What is the ADDIE Model?

A

Instructional systems design framework consisting of five steps that guide the design and development of learning programs.

61
Q

What is Assessment centers?

A

Assessment tools that provide candidates a wide range of leadership situations and problem-solving exercises.

62
Q

What is a Individual development plan (IDP)?

A

Document that guides employees toward their goals for professional development and growth.

63
Q

How do visual learners comprehend information best?

A

People who learn best by relying on their sense of sight.

64
Q

What webconference?

A

People who learn best by relying on their sense of sight.

65
Q

What is distance learning?

A

Process of delivering educational or instructional programs to locations away from a classroom or site.

66
Q

Define mentoring

A

Relationship in which one person helps guide another’s development.

67
Q

What is transferring of learning?

A

Effective and continuing on-the-job application of the knowledge and skills gained through a training experience.

68
Q

What is organizational learning?

A

Acquisition and/or transfer of knowledge within an organization through activities or processes that may occur at several organizational levels; ability of an organization to learn from its mistakes and adjust its strategy accordingly.

69
Q

What is On-the-job training (OJT)?

A

Training provided to employees at the work site utilizing demonstration and performance of job tasks.

70
Q

What is career development?

A

Progression through a series of employment stages characterized by relatively unique issues, themes, and tasks.

71
Q

What is job enrichment?

A

Process of increasing a job’s depth by adding responsibilities to the job.

72
Q

Define leadership

A

Ability to influence, guide, inspire, or motivate a group or person to achieve their goals.

73
Q

What is learning organization?

A

Organization characterized by a capability to adapt to changes in environment.

74
Q

What is leader development?

A

Training and professional development programs targeted at assisting management- and executive-level employees in developing the skills, abilities, and flexibility required to deal with a variety of situations.

75
Q

What is blender learning?

A

Planned approach to learning that includes a combination of instructor-led training, self-directed study, and/or on-the-job training.

76
Q

What is Compensation philosophy?

A

Short but broad statement documenting an organization’s guiding principles and core values about employee compensation.

77
Q

What is internal equity?

A

Extent to which employees perceive that monetary and other rewards are distributed equitably, based on effort, skill and/or relevant outcomes.

78
Q

What is single pay rate?

A

Provides each incumbent of a job with the same rate of pay, regardless of performance or seniority; also known as flat-rate pay.

79
Q

What is Incentive pay?

A

Form of direct compensation where employers pay for performance beyond normal expectations to motivate higher performance.

80
Q

What is red circle rates?

A

Situations in which employees’ pay is above the range maximum.

81
Q

What is comp-ratio?

A

Pay rate divided by the midpoint of the pay range

82
Q

What is the paired-comparison method?

A

Job evaluation method in which each job is compared with every other job being evaluated; the job with the largest number of “greater than” rankings is the highest-ranked job, etc.

83
Q

What are perquisites?

A

Compensation provided on an individual basis in the form of goods or services.

84
Q

What is broadbanding?

A

Combining several salary grades or job classifications with narrow pay ranges into one band with a wider salary spread.

85
Q

What are pay grades?

A

Used to group jobs that have approximately the same relative internal or external worth and are paid at the same rate or within the same pay range.

86
Q

What is flat-rate pay?

A

Provides each incumbent of a job with the same rate of pay, regardless of performance or seniority; also known as single-rate pay.

87
Q

What is Merit pay?

A

Situation where an individual’s performance on the job is the basis for the amount and timing of pay increases; also called performance-based pay or pay for performance.

88
Q

What is the Cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)?

A

Pay adjustment given to eligible employees regardless of performance or organizational profitability; usually linked to inflation.

89
Q

What is Pay for performance (P4P, PfP)?

A

Situation where an individual’s performance on the job is the basis for the amount and timing of pay increases; also called merit pay or performance-based pay.

90
Q

What is the Productivity-based pay?

A

Pay based on the quantity of work and outputs that can be accurately measured.

91
Q

What is External equity?

A

Situation in which an organization’s compensation levels and benefits are similar to those of other organizations that are in the same labor market and compete for the same employees.

92
Q

What is job ranking?

A

Job evaluation method that involves establishing a hierarchy of jobs from lowest to highest based on each job’s overall value to the organization.

93
Q

What is Job-content-based job evaluation?

A

Job evaluation method in which the relative worth and pay structure of different jobs are based on an assessment of their content and their relationship to other jobs within the organization.

94
Q

What is General pay increase?

A

Pay increase given to employees based on local competitive market requirements; awarded regardless of employee performance.

95
Q

What is Job evaluation?

A

Process of determining a job’s value and price for the purpose of attracting and retaining employees by comparing the job against other jobs within the organization or against similar jobs in competing organizations.

96
Q

What is Total rewards strategy?

A

Plan or method implemented by an organization that provides monetary, benefits-in-kind, and developmental rewards to employees who achieve specific business goals.

97
Q

What is performance bonus?

A

One-time payment made to an employee; also called a lump-sum increase (LSI).

98
Q

What is total rewards?

A

Direct and indirect remuneration approaches that employers use to attract, recognize, and retain workers.

99
Q

What is Time-based step-rate pay?

A

System in which pay is based on longevity in the job and pay increases occur on a pre-determined schedule.

100
Q

What is green-circle rates?

A

Situations in which an employee’s pay is below the minimum of the range.

101
Q

What is pay ranges?

A

Set the upper and lower bounds of possible compensation for individuals whose jobs fall within a pay grade.

102
Q

What is an incentive?

A

Factor that motivates performance of a desired behavior or discourages performance of an undesired behavior.

103
Q

What is performance based pay?

A

Situation where an individual’s performance on the job is the basis for the amount and timing of pay increases; also called merit pay or pay for performance.

104
Q

What is a job analysis?

A

Process of systematically studying a job in order to identify the activities/tasks and responsibilities it includes, the personal qualifications necessary to perform it, and the conditions under which it is performed.

105
Q

What are premiums?

A

Payments in return for the achievement of specific, time-limited, targeted objectives.

106
Q

What is a point-factor system?

A

Job evaluation method that looks at compensable factors (such as skills and working conditions) that reflect how much a job adds value to the organization; points are assigned to each factor and then added to come up with an overall point value for the job.

107
Q

What are Remuneration surveys?

A

Instruments that collect information on prevailing market compensation and benefits practices (including starting wage rates, base pay, pay ranges, statutory and market cash payments, variable compensation, and paid time off).

108
Q

What is Pay compression?

A

Occurs when there is only a small difference in pay between employees regardless of their experience, skills, level, or seniority; also known as salary compression.

109
Q

What are benefits?

A

Mandatory or voluntary payments or services provided to employees, typically covering retirement, health care, sick pay/disability, life insurance, and paid time off.

110
Q

What are domestic partnerships?

A

Unmarried couples, of the same or opposite sex, who live together and seek economic and noneconomic benefits comparable to those granted to their married counterparts

111
Q

What is a lump-some increase (LSI)?

A

One-time payment made to an employee; also called performance bonus.

112
Q

What is a Market-based job evaluation?

A

Job evaluation method in which the relative worth and pay structure of different jobs are based on their market value or the going rate in the marketplace.

113
Q

What is a job classification?

A

Job evaluation method in which descriptions are written for each class of jobs; individual jobs are then put into the grade that best matches their class description.

SHRM-CP 2021 (4 decks)

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