HPHD Stereotypes and Disability Flashcards
What are stereotypes and why do we have them?
Generalisations we make and specific social groups and members of those groups.
Stereotyping is a natural way we organise knowledge into schemata. Its function is to save processing power, make the environment more predictable and avoids information overload.
Why does normal human cognitive function lead to stereotyping and what is the problem with this?
Stereotyping is a natural way we organise knowledge into schemata. Its function is to save processing power, make the environment more predictable and avoids information overload.
However the shortcutting of information overlooks diversity and we often distort information to make it fit our schemata
What is prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudice is the emotional response - the evaluation. We often have a pre judgement based on negative stereotypes
Discrimination is the behavioural component - it is acting on the prejudice
When are we more likely to rely on stereotypes?
When we are under time pressure, fatigued, suffering from information overload or in unfamiliar circumstances
How can we avoid reliance on stereotypes?
Get to know members of other groups to challenge negative stereotypes
Reflective practice
How does intellect change with ageing?
It is thought that IQ decreases rapidly after the age of 70 however when considering different skilled areas they do not decline at the same speed.
- crystallised intelligence eg highly learnt skills and general knowledge stays fairly stable
- fluid intelligence eg problem solving without prior exposure slows with age
Describe the developmental model of personality ageing
Describes different life stages with their associated conflicts:
Young adult life - intimacy vs isolation
Mid adult life - generation vs stagnation
Old age - integrity vs despair
Developed by Freud et al who had a negative view of later life
Describe the trait model of personality ageing
Personality is described in terms of traits we are born with
How does the medical model of disability differ from the social model of disability?
The medical model says that people are disabled by their impairments and differences. It says that the impairments are “fixed” by medical intervention. Focusses on what is ‘wrong’ the person.
The social model says that disability is caused by the way society is organised, it focusses on removing barriers that restrict life choices for the disabled person. It focusses on more inclusive ways of living.
