How to Advise Patients

Question 1

what is the impact of caries on pre-school children

Answer 1

aesthetic problems, loss of function, pain, infection

Question 2

what are the risk indicators in children

Answer 2

oral hygiene, diet, bacterial exposure, socioeconomic status, breast/bottle feeding, fluoride exposure, parental smoking, parental oral health status

Question 3

what teeth do nursing caries affect?

Answer 3

upper anterior and molar teeth

Question 4

what is the cause of nursing caries?

Answer 4

inappropriate use of feeding cups and bottles

Question 5

how do you prevent caries?

Answer 5

diet, fluoride and oral hygiene

Question 6

what diet and nutrition advice do you give to mother’s of young children

Answer 6

free flow feeding cup, dont put child to bed with feeder cup/bottle, dont put free sugar drinks in a feeder bottle, sweet drinks only at mealtimes - straw use - dilute

Question 7

what are the only safe drinks

Answer 7

plain water or milk

Question 8

what food is good as it is non-cariogenic

Answer 8

cheese

Question 9

name some safe snacks

Answer 9

milk/water, fruit, savoury sandwiches, crackers and cheese, breadsticks, crisps

Question 10

what investigation is useful for diet and nutrition

Answer 10

4 day diet diary

Question 11

when should toothbrushing be started?

Answer 11

as the first primary teeth erupt

Question 12

what is the fluoride child formulation for young children

Answer 12

1000ppm

Question 13

what is the standard fluoride formulation?

Answer 13

1400-1500ppm

Question 14

what is the enhanced fluoride formulation?

Answer 14

2800ppm

Question 15

what concentration of fluoride is used for high risk 16+ individuals?

Answer 15

5000ppm

Question 16

what concentration of fluoride is used for high risk 10+ children?

Answer 16

2800ppm

Question 17

what concentration of fluoride is used for 4-16yr olds

Answer 17

1000-1500ppm

Question 18

what concentration of fluoride is used for high risk children under 10?

Answer 18

1500ppm

Question 19

what do you do if a child has ingested <5mg/kg of fluoride but more than the recommended amount?

Answer 19

give calcium orally (milk) and observe

Question 20

what do you do if a child ingests 5-15mg/kg fluoride

Answer 20

give calcium orally and admit to hospital

Question 21

what do you do if a child ingests >15mg/kg fluoride?

Answer 21

admit to hospital, cardiac monitoring, life support, intravenous calcium gluconate

Question 22

how much fluoride is in 1 tube of 1000ppm fluoride

Answer 22

90mg

Question 23

when and who is fluoride varnish applied to?

Answer 23

pre-school children twice a year, high risk adults