How Thr Lungs/Aveoli Are Adapted For Efficient Gas Exchange

Question 1

How Are The Lungs/Alveoli are adapted For Efficient Gas Exchange

Answer 1

• Many alveoli, provide a large surface area.
• Walls of alveoli are one cell thin, to provide a short diffusion pathway.
• Walls of capillaries are one cell thin and close to the alveoli, provides a short diffusion pathway.
• Walls of capillaries: alveoli have flattened cells (squamous), which allows for a short diffusion pathway.
• Cell membranes are permeable to gasses, allowing them to pass through.
• Many blood capillaries m, providing a large surface area and good circulation to maintain a steep concentration gradient.
• Intercostal and diaphragm muscles, allowing ventilation to maintain a concentration gradient.
• Wide trachea and branching of bronchi and bronchioles, for efficient flow of air.
• Cartilage tings keep the airways open.