How psychology has developed over time - classic studies Flashcards
how psychology has developed overtime in social classic study
Sherif and Tajfel looked at RCT and SIT at the same time, and showed similarities in their focus on prejudice. This suggests that at one time in one area similar ideas are being researched in terms of group prejudice.
how psychology has developed overtime in cognitive classic study
Baddeley did lots of memory experiments in 1960s to test the LTM and STM. He proposed WMM in 1974 showing development.
Baddeley used evidence from brain scanning to fit what was being uncovered about how memory took place in the brain into his model was adapted accordingly. He also used evidence from people with brain damage.
In 2003, baddeley wrote a review about WMM, helping to show these changes over time. The model show these changes over time. The model extended understanding on STM shows how knowledge is built.
how psychology has developed overtime in biological classic study
Raine et al used PET scans on violent murderers + control group. This helped develop understand in the cause of aggression and helps us to understand violence that can be pre-determined and treated with therapy before effects start to show.
However, the study did not explain why certain differences cause them to murder e.g. Raine found murderers had less activity but this doesn’t say WHY it causes aggression and so doesn’t explain why or how to solve.
how psychology has developed overtime in learning classic study
Watson and Rayner carried out study of conditioning fear in little Albert in 1920s where ethical considerations were less important. This led to little Albert suffering extensive psychological harm and distress. This led to changes in the ethical considerations put in place in a study to protect pp’s from psychological harm (contrast to Capafons)
how psychology has developed overtime in clinical classic study
Rosenhan aimed to see if psychologists could distinguish sane from the insane. They found that psychologists could not, and so this led to the changes in the DSM-III. The study paved the way for reformation of diagnosis.
It also influenced attitudes surrounding the medical approach to mental illness, and avoid the mis-use of diagnostic labels.
