How far do you agree that the work of individuals was more significant than mass movements in achieving improved working condition in the years 1830 - 1870? (extra for individuals) Flashcards
Who are the 6 individuals that can be talked about?
1) Michael Sadler
2) Edwin Chadwick
3) Titus Salt
4) Richard Oastler
5) Robert Owen
6) Lord Ashley
When did Chadwick publish his report “the sanitary conditions of the labouring population of Great Britain”?
1842
What did Chadwick’s report “the sanitary conditions of the labouring population of Great Britain” say?
that the cause of the spread of disease was due to poor living standards
How many copies did Chadwick’s 1842 report sell?
100 000
What is the other Chadwick report in 1842?
royal commission report into children working in mines horrified the public with vividly illustrated accounts of the dangers of mines
In Owen’s New Lanarck, schooling was compulsory for who?
under 10s
Child labour in New lanark was reduced to how many hours a day?
10
How many lived in New Lanarck?
2000
When did Sadler start campaigning?
October 1831
From whom did Sadler gain much support?
John Wood
Who was john wood?
He was the owner of the largest spinning company in the UK
How did John Wood support the 10 hours movement?
He gave £40 000
When was Sadler’s report published and what was its effect?
Sadler’s report was published in January 1833. This report shocked the British Public and the government came under increased pressure to protect children.
When did Richard Oastler write to Baines’ Leeds mercury?
29th September 1830
What he attack when Oaslter wrote to Baines’ Leeds mercury?
the employment of children in factories
What did Oastler start to advocate in 1836?
strikes to campaign for legislation to protect workers
How many worker houses did Titus Salt build in his Saltarie factory?
850
What was Titus Salt the first employer to do?
The first employer in Yorkshire to introduce a 10 hour working day
Despite Salt’s philanthropic goals what did he still support?
child labour
In which dates did Lord Ashley try to introduce bills with 10 hour clauses in them and what happened to them?
1838, 1839 and 1840 and they all failed
What did Lord Ashley chair in 1840 and what was the outcome?
Chaired a committee looking into the 1833 Factory Act which ultimately endorsed Government intervention in industry and suggested further reform.
How could Peel be said to be a significant individual?
Because after 1833 there was no further reform until Peel’s government got into office with the 1842 mines act
