How does development and governance influence the vulnerability/ capacity to cope of poulations to tectonic disaster? Disaster risk? Supportive examples?

Question 1

what does disaster risk refer to

Answer 1

Disaster risk refers to the combination of the hazard (the likelihood of a disaster occurring) and the vulnerability (the susceptibility of a population or area to the negative impacts of a disaster).

Question 2

What happens in areas where development and governance are lacking

Answer 2

In areas where development and governance are lacking, the population is more vulnerable to the negative impacts of tectonic disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. On the other hand, in areas with well-developed infrastructure and governance systems in place, the population is better equipped to cope with such disasters.

Question 3

Example of governance playing a role in reducing the impact of tectonic hazards

Answer 3

in developed countries such as Japan and the United States, the infrastructure and governance systems are robust, which has enabled these countries to cope effectively with tectonic disasters. Japan’s early warning systems, disaster management plans, and building codes have helped it to reduce the impact of earthquakes and tsunamis on its population. Similarly, the United States has developed disaster management plans and evacuation protocols, which have helped it to mitigate the impact of earthquakes and hurricanes.

Question 4

What does japan have which reduces impact of tectonic hazards

Answer 4

Japan’s early warning systems, disaster management plans, and building codes have helped it to reduce the impact of earthquakes and tsunamis on its population, with the use of sea walls and a-seismic proof buildings

Question 5

Haiti 2010 social costs

Answer 5

over 220,000 deaths, massive property damage due to lack of proper building codes and disaster management plans.

Question 6

Nepal 2015 earthquake costs

Answer 6

over 8000 deaths, landslides affecting nearby villages due to poor house structure from building regulations. This was also due to the poor disaster response efforts and due to blocked roads and poor transport infrastructure.

Question 7

What is the result in areas where development and governance is strong, compared to areas where it is lacking?

Answer 7

In areas where development and governance are strong, the population is better equipped to cope with such disasters, whereas in areas where development and governance are lacking, the population is more vulnerable to the negative impacts of such disasters.

Question 8

Example of good governance and HIC but still vulnerable

Answer 8

Japan, Kobe 1995 earthquake had all of the correct building regulations, defences and a strong government, but in some cases the tectonic disaster’s magnitude can overpower the defences. 6k deaths, 300,000 homeless, over 150k buildings destroyed

Question 9

kobe 1995 costs

Answer 9

6k deaths, 300,000 homeless, over 150k buildings destroyed