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Biology > How do plants work > Flashcards

How do plants work Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A chemical energy compound with two phosphate groups found in living cells

A

ADP

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2
Q

An agricultural science that deals with crop production and improvement

A

agronomy

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3
Q

A food made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

A

carbohydrate

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4
Q

An atmospheric gas made of one carbon atom for each two oxygen atoms

A

carbon dioxide

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5
Q

The green chemical that makes green plants green

A

chlorophyll

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6
Q

Produced by organisms as opposed to nonliving chemical processes

A

organic

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7
Q

An atmospheric gas; a by-product of the light reaction of photosynthesis

A

oxygen

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8
Q

Which conditions relate to the research of Van Helmont?

A

conclusions partly correct
plant mass related to H 2O

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9
Q

Priestly’s experiments explained:

A

plants are associated with O 2
animals require O 2

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10
Q

The first chemist to begin quantifying the process of photosynthesis was:

A

Nicholas de Saussure

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11
Q

The science which develops and studies plant varieties and production is called

A

agronomy

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12
Q

The greatest number of people plants have the potential to feed, according to some agronomists is:

A

100 billion people

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13
Q

Correction reaction for photosynthesis (the order)

A

Carbon Dioxide
Water
Light
Glucose
Oxygen

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14
Q

What requirements of all organisms worldwide are linked to the sun by photosynthesis.

A

energy

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15
Q

Jan Baptista’s experiments showed:

A

loss of soil mass < gain of plant mass
gain of plant mass related to water

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16
Q

What general type of plant food is produced by photosynthesis?

A

carbohydrates

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17
Q

What do glucose, starch and cellulose have in common?

A

they are various forms of sugars
they are all related to photosynthesis
they are all carbohydrates

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18
Q

Joseph Priestly discovered that plants give off, or release _____ to the atmosphere.

A

oxygen

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19
Q

Who are scientists who work to develop crops that produce more or better foods.

A

Agronomists

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20
Q

Ingenhousz found that air would be purified only when green plants were in

A

sunlight

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21
Q

De Saussure’s experiments demonstrated the importance of _______ and________ to green plants.

A

carbon dioxide, water

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22
Q

the building blocks of proteins

A

amino acid

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23
Q

the high energy chemical compound that provides energy

A

ATP

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24
Q

provides energy storage and structure for life

A

fat

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25
Q

essential to aerobic respiration

A

oxygen

26
Q

a food made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

A

protein

27
Q

the putting together of protein molecules from amino acids

A

protein synthesis

28
Q

the tiny pores or leaf openings appearing between guard cells

A

stomate

29
Q

The oxygen which is released into the air by a plant originates from:

A

splitting of water molecules

30
Q

The twenty two amino acids are capable of producing _______________.

A

millions of different proteins

31
Q

The chemical energy stored in ATP during photosynthesis is released during the dark phase to:

A

produce a carbohydrate from CO 2

32
Q

Photosynthesis continues to increase with temperature when _____.

A

temperature increases within normal limits and carbon dioxide is supplied

33
Q

What levels above normal will increase plant growth if other factors are adequate

A

Carbon dioxide

34
Q

What may be used to control temperature and carbon dioxide.

A

green house

35
Q

Proteins are made by:

A

Ribosomes in plants and animals

36
Q

All proteins contain_________ , in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

A

nitrogen

37
Q

Each protein molecule is made of at least____________ amino acid units.

A

fifty

38
Q

Enzymes are:

A

proteins

39
Q

Some of the most complex organic molecules are_________

A

proteins

40
Q

Most important part of animals and human’s diet

A

protein

41
Q

Examples of protien

A

Enzymes

42
Q

Van Niel’s theory, later shown to be correct, claimed that the oxygen produced by photosynthesis comes from the

A

splitting of the water molecule

43
Q

Hill is known for working out reactions taking place during the ____________ of photosynthesis.

A

light reaction

44
Q

Since carbon as an atmospheric gas is locked into a food molecule, it is termed carbon dioxide fixation. Another name for this process of photosynthesis is the

A

dark reaction

45
Q

Proteins may be identified separately from fats and carbohydrates by the presence of certain elements. Choose the elements that qualify.

A

sulfur
iron
phosphorus
zinc
nitrogen

46
Q

In the presence of oxygen as a gas

A

aerobic

47
Q

In the absence of oxygen as a gas

A

anaerobic

48
Q

Utilization of food molecules and energy in life processes

A

assimilation

49
Q

An energy-sharing arrangement of atoms to each other as parts of a molecule

A

chemical bond

50
Q

The stage of respiration that occurs in anaerobic conditions, such as yeast fermentation

A

fermentation

51
Q

What type of energy is absorbed by photosynthesis

A

Solar energy

52
Q

Which statements apply to “food”?

A

storage medium for energy
release energy during decomposition

53
Q

Plant respiration occurs:

A

primarily at night

54
Q

Where do plants obtain the oxygen necessary to utilize foods?

A

from the atmosphere

55
Q

What are the waste products of respiration?

A

H 2O
CO 2

56
Q

complete the reaction for cellular respiration

A

Glucose
Oxygen
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Energy for ATP

57
Q

What is the function(s) of ATP?

A

stores the initial energy released by respiration
provides the energy for all cytoplasmic chemical synthesis

58
Q

list the three stages of respiration which convert food to useful energy.

A

electron transport chain
glycolysis
Krebs cycle

59
Q

The first stage in the decomposition of glucose is called

A

glycolysis

60
Q

Lactic acid buildup during respiration is the result of:

A

anaerobic glycolysis

61
Q

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy by the Krebs cycle?

A

mitochondria

62
Q

The electron transport of respiration occurs in organelles called

A

mitochondria

Biology (10 decks)

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