How do plants work Flashcards
A chemical energy compound with two phosphate groups found in living cells
ADP
An agricultural science that deals with crop production and improvement
agronomy
A food made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbohydrate
An atmospheric gas made of one carbon atom for each two oxygen atoms
carbon dioxide
The green chemical that makes green plants green
chlorophyll
Produced by organisms as opposed to nonliving chemical processes
organic
An atmospheric gas; a by-product of the light reaction of photosynthesis
oxygen
Which conditions relate to the research of Van Helmont?
conclusions partly correct
plant mass related to H 2O
Priestly’s experiments explained:
plants are associated with O 2
animals require O 2
The first chemist to begin quantifying the process of photosynthesis was:
Nicholas de Saussure
The science which develops and studies plant varieties and production is called
agronomy
The greatest number of people plants have the potential to feed, according to some agronomists is:
100 billion people
Correction reaction for photosynthesis (the order)
Carbon Dioxide
Water
Light
Glucose
Oxygen
What requirements of all organisms worldwide are linked to the sun by photosynthesis.
energy
Jan Baptista’s experiments showed:
loss of soil mass < gain of plant mass
gain of plant mass related to water
What general type of plant food is produced by photosynthesis?
carbohydrates
What do glucose, starch and cellulose have in common?
they are various forms of sugars
they are all related to photosynthesis
they are all carbohydrates
Joseph Priestly discovered that plants give off, or release _____ to the atmosphere.
oxygen
Who are scientists who work to develop crops that produce more or better foods.
Agronomists
Ingenhousz found that air would be purified only when green plants were in
sunlight
De Saussure’s experiments demonstrated the importance of _______ and________ to green plants.
carbon dioxide, water
the building blocks of proteins
amino acid
the high energy chemical compound that provides energy
ATP
provides energy storage and structure for life
fat
essential to aerobic respiration
oxygen
a food made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
protein
the putting together of protein molecules from amino acids
protein synthesis
the tiny pores or leaf openings appearing between guard cells
stomate
The oxygen which is released into the air by a plant originates from:
splitting of water molecules
The twenty two amino acids are capable of producing _______________.
millions of different proteins
The chemical energy stored in ATP during photosynthesis is released during the dark phase to:
produce a carbohydrate from CO 2
Photosynthesis continues to increase with temperature when _____.
temperature increases within normal limits and carbon dioxide is supplied
What levels above normal will increase plant growth if other factors are adequate
Carbon dioxide
What may be used to control temperature and carbon dioxide.
green house
Proteins are made by:
Ribosomes in plants and animals
All proteins contain_________ , in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
nitrogen
Each protein molecule is made of at least____________ amino acid units.
fifty
Enzymes are:
proteins
Some of the most complex organic molecules are_________
proteins
Most important part of animals and human’s diet
protein
Examples of protien
Enzymes
Van Niel’s theory, later shown to be correct, claimed that the oxygen produced by photosynthesis comes from the
splitting of the water molecule
Hill is known for working out reactions taking place during the ____________ of photosynthesis.
light reaction
Since carbon as an atmospheric gas is locked into a food molecule, it is termed carbon dioxide fixation. Another name for this process of photosynthesis is the
dark reaction
Proteins may be identified separately from fats and carbohydrates by the presence of certain elements. Choose the elements that qualify.
sulfur
iron
phosphorus
zinc
nitrogen
In the presence of oxygen as a gas
aerobic
In the absence of oxygen as a gas
anaerobic
Utilization of food molecules and energy in life processes
assimilation
An energy-sharing arrangement of atoms to each other as parts of a molecule
chemical bond
The stage of respiration that occurs in anaerobic conditions, such as yeast fermentation
fermentation
What type of energy is absorbed by photosynthesis
Solar energy
Which statements apply to “food”?
storage medium for energy
release energy during decomposition
Plant respiration occurs:
primarily at night
Where do plants obtain the oxygen necessary to utilize foods?
from the atmosphere
What are the waste products of respiration?
H 2O
CO 2
complete the reaction for cellular respiration
Glucose
Oxygen
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Energy for ATP
What is the function(s) of ATP?
stores the initial energy released by respiration
provides the energy for all cytoplasmic chemical synthesis
list the three stages of respiration which convert food to useful energy.
electron transport chain
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
The first stage in the decomposition of glucose is called
glycolysis
Lactic acid buildup during respiration is the result of:
anaerobic glycolysis
Which organelle is responsible for producing energy by the Krebs cycle?
mitochondria
The electron transport of respiration occurs in organelles called
mitochondria
