Host-parasites Flashcards
What is a parasite?
An organsim that lives in or on another organism (the host) and benefit by deriving nutrients.
What are the two types of parasites?
Obligate and facultative
What are obligate parasites?
Parasites that are fully dependent on hosts to complete its life cycle
What are facultative parasites?
Parastie that arent fully dependent on the host
What is an endoparasite?
Parasites that live inside the host
Examples of endoparasites?
Protozoa and helminths
How many organisms do protozoa need?
3 they usually need an extra one for transmission or maturation known as a carrier
What are ectoparasites?
Parasites that live on the outside of the host in the skin or outgrowths of thr skin
Are protozoa and helminths eukaryote or prokaryote?
Eukaryote
What happens due to the close relationship between parasite and host?
Parasite can lose or gain metabolic pathways making them dependent on the hosr
How can parasite cause damage?
Directly
Using host immune system
Or by death of the parasite
What are the two T-helper cells?
T-helper 1 (TH1)
T-helper 2 (TH2)
What is the use of T-helper 1?
For intracellular infective agents and microparasites
What is the use of T-helper 2?
Extracellular infective agents and macroparasites
What happens arcthe early start if protozoal infections?
IL-12 is produced by phagocytic cells inducing IFN-gamma by NK cells. The IFN-gamma activated macrophages
