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Parasitology > Host Immune Response > Flashcards

Host Immune Response Flashcards

1
Q

The main difference between B cells and T cells mentioned in lecture is that

a. B cells are generally bigger in size than T cells.
b. T cells produce antibodies.
c. Only B cells secrete their immunoglobulin receptors as plasma antibodies.
d. None of the above

A

c. Only B cells secrete their immunoglobulin receptors as plasma antibodies.

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2
Q

One important group of opsonin molecules is complement protein.

a. True
b. False

A

True

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3
Q

What type of immune cells derived from myeloid progenitor cells is specialized for parasitic infection?

a. Basophil
b. Mast cell
c. Plasma cell
d. Eosinophil

A

d. Eosinophil

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4
Q

Component proteins are part of cellular innate immunity.

a. True
b. False

A

False

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5
Q

T cells…

a. Release their surface antigen receptors into the host serum as antibodies
b. Can only recognize antigens in their native conformation, and will not carry out their proper function should the antigen protein become denatured
c. Do not use the same clonal selection method that B cells utilize in response to infectious agents
d. Are unique in that they can only recognize antigens presented to them by another cell (usually a macrophage.

A

d. Are unique in that they can only recognize antigens presented to them by another cell (usually a macrophage.

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6
Q

MHC Class 1 binds to peptides from molecules that are internalized by the cell.

a. True
b. False

A

False

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of antibodies?

a. Antibodies are composed of 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains b. Each chain has a variable region and a constant region
c. Antibodies are produced by both B cells and T cells.
d. Disulfide bonds link the two chains.

A

c. Antibodies are produced by both B cells and T cells.

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8
Q

The components of innate immunity in eukaryotic cells include:
a. secretions
b. linings of internal tracts
c. Phagocytic cells (macrophages, neutrophils. and
natural killer cells)
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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9
Q

T-cells are activated by which of the following?

a. opsonization
b. clonal selection
c. cytokines
d. None of the above

A

b. clonal selection

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10
Q

[True/False] Th1 cells characteristically secrete interleukin 2, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

A

True

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11
Q

Each time our bodies encounter an antigen, there is refinement of the immune response so that next time, our bodies are better at recognizing the invading entity. This is an example of which of the following?

a. increasing affinity within the adaptive immune response
b. increasing magnitude within the adaptive immune response
c. the shortening of the lag period with each encounter
d. none of the above

A

a. increasing affinity within the adaptive immune response

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12
Q

Constant cell damage, which causes death of cells or tissues, is an example of

a. Metaplasia
b. Hypertrophy
c. Necrosis
d. Parenchymatous Degeneration

A

c. Necrosis

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13
Q

A hosts spleen and red blood cells have become enlarged because of a parasite. What type of effect does this parasite have on the host?

a. Hyperplasia
b. Metaplasia
c. Neoplasia
d. Hypertrophy

A

d. Hypertrophy

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14
Q

Caterpillars are invading a small garden. Certain plants in the garden set off a pheromone. Wasp migrate and kill the caterpillars. What type of interaction is this?

a. Symbiosis interaction
b. Tritrophic interaction
c. Intermediate interaction
d. Parasitic interaction.

A

b. Tritrophic interaction

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15
Q

True or False. Parasites reproduce fast with a large number of progeny.

A

False

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16
Q

True or False. Except certain viral infections, parasitic diseases are more difficult to control than other infectous diseases

A

True

17
Q

True or False. Insecticides are the most ecological way to control intermediate hosts.

A

False

18
Q

True or False. In a humoral reaction, specialized molecules in the circulatory system interact with the parasite, forming immune complexes.

A

True

19
Q

Which of the following cytokines is INCORRECTLY paired with its function?

a. IL 4; induces IgM to IgC class switching in B-cells and suppresses inflammatory cytokine action
b. IL 10; stimulates B-cell differentiation
c. IL 1; induces inflammation and stimulates T-H cell proliferation
d. GM-CSF; stimulates growth and proliferation of granulocytes and macrophages

A

b. IL 10; stimulates B-cell differentiation

20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Most immune cells originate from stem cells found in bone marrow.

A

True

21
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Adaptive Immune Response?

a. Lag period shortens with each encounter
b. Magnitude of response increases with each encounter
c. It is not specific to microbe
d. Affinity to agent increases with exposure

A

c. It is not specific to microbe

22
Q

True or False: High levels of eosinophils are often indicative of worms?

A

True

23
Q

What is the most prevalent immunoglobulin isotype found in serum (blood.?

a. IgG
b. IgA
c. IgM
d. IgE

A

a. IgG

24
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding B cells?

a. B cells undergo isotype switching when activated
b. B cells can be differentiated from T cells in that they secrete their antigen receptors and T cells do not c. B cells bind to antigens in their native conformation
d. B cells commitment to antibody specificity occurs after exposure to the antigen

A

d. B cells commitment to antibody specificity occurs after exposure to the antigen

25
Q

Regarding adaptive immune response, what increases with each encounter?

a. Lag period
b. Magnitude of response
c. Affinity
d. Lag period and Magnitude of response only
e. Magnitude of response and Affinity only

A

e. Magnitude of response and Affinity only

26
Q

Each antibody has how many equivalent binding sites?

a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four

A

b. Two

27
Q

Which Immunoglobulin can form a pentamer?

a. IgA
b. IgG
c. IgM
d. IgE

A

c. IgM

28
Q

True or False: T cells bind to antigens in their native conformations.

A

False

29
Q

True or False: Immunological memory provides long-term immunity.

A

True

30
Q

True or False: Antibodies are specific to their native conformations.

A

True

31
Q

According to the clonal selection theory, B cells become committed to antibody formation.

a. During exposure to the antigen
b. In the absence of the antigen
c. During the lag phase
d. During second exposure to the antigen

A

b. In the absence of the antigen

32
Q

Which of the following is a similarity between phagocytosis and endocytosis?

a. They are both mediated by bulk-phase.
b. They are both independent of particle size and material.
c. They are both part of the immune system.
d. They are both mediated by actin function.

A

c. They are both part of the immune system.

33
Q

A deficiency in this immunoglobulin isotype, the major isotype found in the intestinal tract, can lead to higher susceptibility to ~~Giardia~~ infection. Which isotype is it?

a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM

A

a. IgA

34
Q

The HIV virus targets which type of cell as a receptor?

a. CD8 T-cells
b. CD4 T-cells
c. B-Cells
d. Phagocytic cells

A

b. CD4 T-cells

35
Q

Which of the following are associated with MHC class II?

a. binding of peptides from molecules that are internalized by cell
b. CD4+ T cells
c. binding to peptides from molecules that are synthesized by the cell or found in the cell cytoplasm
d. a & b

A

d. a & b (a. binding of peptides from molecules that are internalized by cell and b. CD4+ T cells)

36
Q

All the following are true of the adaptive immune response except?

a. Is highly specific to an infectious agent
b. The magnitude of the response decreases with every encounter
c. Affinity to agent increases with exposure
d. Lag periods shorten with each encounter

A

b. The magnitude of the response decreases with every encounter

37
Q

True or False: The innate immune response is specific to a microbe.

A

False

38
Q

True or False: The response of IgG during a first exposure is exactly the same as it is during a second exposure.

A

False

39
Q

During primary and secondary immune responses, the antibody or antibodies involved is/are:

a. IgM
b. IgA
c. IgG
d. Two of the above

A

d. Two of the above

Parasitology (5 decks)

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