Hospital Acquire Infections Flashcards
How do we define HAI?
Name the categorisation of organisms and syndromes
8%
How many people in Europe suffer HAIs? How many die as a result
4m
37,000 die
What are the objectives of the point prevalence surveys
How common are HAIs globally?
Name a few global challenges in HAI?
What is the cost of HAI?
Estimated 1 billion pounds
What percentage of HAI is preventable?
15-30%
What is the most common syndrome of HAI?
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
Where do organisms in a hospital come from?
- Healthcare environment - before occupied
- Humans (patients and staff) - once occupied
What is c.difficile?
Gram +ve spore producing anaerobe
How are patients affected by C.diff? Who does it attack more?
What is Fidaxomicin used for?
What are non-drug approaches to treating C.diff’?
Faecal transsfer
How much does MRSA and C.diff make up HAI?
What is the most common cause of UTI in community? How about in the hospital?
E.coli 82% in community
What are UTIs associated with?
Describe resistant Gram -ve pathogens?
What factors contribute to SSI risk?
- Host Defence
- Wound Environment
- Pathogens
What is MRSA?
Methicillin resistant Staph Aureus
What are th implications of MRSA BSI (blood stream infections)
- Morbidity
- Prolonged infection
- Affects bed capacity
- Repeat surgery
- Prolonged antibiotics
- Use of isolation rooms
- Complications
What are the opportunities to reduce risk?
Describe the infection control cycle?
Describe the changing nature of HAI
How is the hospital environment changed to reduce HAI?
What are quality indicators?
The PSIs are a set of quality measures that use hospital inpatient discharge data to provide a perspective on patient safety. Specifically, the PSIs identify problems that patients experience through contact with the health care system and that are likely amenable to prevention by implementing system level changes.
