Bacterial and Viral Vaccines Flashcards
Who was the fist person to use cowpox to vaccinate against smallpox?
Benjamin Jesty
Then Edward Jenner
What is the goal of immunisation?
Ability go the body to protect itself from infection
Which the most contagious virus?
Measles
What is the burden fo disease?
The number of people that one sick person will infect (on average)
What is herd immunity? What is herd immunity threshold?
-
What are the types of immunity? Which do vaccines form part of?
-
How does an immune response take place in vaccines?
+ Neutalise vaccine antigen
+ Production of memory t and B cells
What are protective antigens?
-
Describe inactivated vaccines. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
-
When should live vaccines be avoided?
- Patient is receiving high dose steroids
- Patient has received immunoglobulins in the past 3 months.
What are attenuated vaccines? Give examples. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
-
What are toxoid vaccines? Give examples. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
-
What are subunit vaccines? Give examples. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
Often need boosting
What are conjugate vaccines? Give examples. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
Can induce long-term protection
What are herotypic vaccines? Give examples. What are the advantages and disadvantages?
-