HOSA Part 3

Question 1

What does ‘tachy-‘ mean?

Answer 1

Fast or rapid.

Example: Tachycardia - abnormally fast heart rate.

Question 2

What does ‘taen-, taeni-, ten-, teni-‘ refer to?

Answer 2

Refers to a tapeworm or ribbon-like structure.

Example: Taeniasis - an infection caused by tapeworms.

Question 3

What does ‘tarso-‘ refer to?

Answer 3

Refers to the tarsus (ankle region or the framework of the eyelid).

Example: Tarsometatarsal joint - joint between the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the foot.

Question 4

What does ‘tauto-‘ mean?

Answer 4

Identical or the same.

Example: Tautology - saying the same thing twice in different words.

Question 5

What does ‘techno-‘ refer to?

Answer 5

Refers to skill, craft, or technology.

Example: Technopathy - diseases related to the use of technology.

Question 6

What does ‘tel/e-‘ mean?

Answer 6

Distant or far.

Example: Telemedicine - medical consultations conducted over a distance.

Question 7

What does ‘teleo-‘ refer to?

Answer 7

Refers to something perfect, complete, or final.

Example: Teleology - the study of purpose, final causes, or the inherent goal-oriented nature of processes.

Question 8

What does ‘temporo-‘ relate to?

Answer 8

Relates to time or the temporal bone.

Example: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) - the joint connecting the jaw and temporal bone.

Question 9

What does ‘tendo-, teno-‘ refer to?

Answer 9

Refers to tendons.

Example: Tendonitis - inflammation of a tendon.

Question 10

What does ‘ter-‘ mean?

Answer 10

Three times, or thrice.

Example: Tertian fever - fever occurring every third day, as in malaria.

Question 11

What does ‘tera-‘ refer to?

Answer 11

One trillion (1,000,000,000,000 or 10¹²).

Example: Terabyte (TB) - a unit of digital storage equal to one trillion bytes.

Question 12

What does ‘terato-‘ mean?

Answer 12

Relating to malformations or deformities.

Example: Teratology - the study of congenital abnormalities and malformations.

Question 13

What does ‘tetra-‘ refer to?

Answer 13

Four.

Example: Tetralogy of Fallot - a congenital heart defect involving four abnormalities.

Question 14

What does ‘thalamo-‘ refer to?

Answer 14

Refers to the thalamus (a part of the brain that relays sensory information).

Example: Thalamocortical - relating to the thalamus and cerebral cortex.

Question 15

What does ‘thanato-‘ refer to?

Answer 15

Refers to death.

Example: Thanatology - the study of death and dying.

Question 16

What does ‘theco-‘ refer to?

Answer 16

Refers to a sheath or covering.

Example: Theca folliculi - a sheath surrounding ovarian follicles.

Question 17

What does ‘thermo-‘ mean?

Answer 17

Heat or temperature.

Example: Thermogenesis - the production of heat in the body.

Question 18

What does ‘thio-‘ refer to?

Answer 18

Refers to sulfur.

Example: Thioglycolic acid - a sulfur-containing compound used in hair treatments.

Question 19

What does ‘thorac-, thoraci-, thoraco-‘ refer to?

Answer 19

Refers to the chest or thorax.

Example: Thoracotomy - surgical incision into the chest.

Question 20

What does ‘thrombo-‘ mean?

Answer 20

Refers to blood clots.

Example: Thrombosis - formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.

Question 21

What does ‘thymo-‘ refer to?

Answer 21

Refers to the thymus gland or emotions.

Example: Thymectomy - surgical removal of the thymus gland.

Question 22

What does ‘thy/ro-‘ refer to?

Answer 22

Refers to the thyroid gland.

Example: Thyrotoxicosis - excessive thyroid hormone levels.

Question 23

What does ‘thyroid/o-‘ mean?

Answer 23

Relates specifically to the thyroid gland.

Example: Thyroidectomy - surgical removal of the thyroid gland.

Question 24

What does ‘toco-‘ refer to?

Answer 24

Refers to childbirth or labor.

Example: Tocolytic - a medication that slows or stops labor contractions.

Question 25

What does '-tome' mean?

Answer 25

Instrument used for cutting. ## Footnote Example: Dermatome - a surgical instrument used for cutting skin.

Question 26

What does 'tomo-' refer to?

Answer 26

Refers to a section, layer, or cutting. ## Footnote Example: Tomography - an imaging technique that creates cross-sectional layers of a structure (e.g., CT scan or MRI).

Question 27

What does '-tomy' mean?

Answer 27

Surgical incision or cutting into. ## Footnote Example: Laparotomy - a surgical incision into the abdominal cavity.

Question 28

What does 'ton/o-' refer to?

Answer 28

Refers to tension or pressure. ## Footnote Example: Tonometry - the measurement of intraocular pressure.

Question 29

What does 'top/o-' mean?

Answer 29

Refers to place or position. ## Footnote Example: Topography - the study of surface features and their arrangement.

Question 30

What does 'tox-, toxi-, toxico-, toxo-, -toxic' refer to?

Answer 30

Refers to poison or toxic substances. ## Footnote Example: Neurotoxic - harmful to nerve cells.

Question 31

What does 'trachelo-' refer to?

Answer 31

Refers to the neck or cervix. ## Footnote Example: Tracheloplasty - surgical repair of the cervix.

Question 32

What does 'tracheo-' mean?

Answer 32

Refers to the trachea (windpipe). ## Footnote Example: Tracheotomy - surgical procedure to create an opening in the trachea.

Question 33

What does 'trans-' refer to?

Answer 33

Across, through, or beyond. ## Footnote Example: Transdermal - passing through the skin.

Question 34

What does 'traumato-' mean?

Answer 34

Refers to injury or trauma. ## Footnote Example: Traumatology - the study and treatment of injuries.

Question 35

What does 'tri-' mean?

Answer 35

Three. ## Footnote Example: Triceps - a muscle with three heads.

Question 36

What does 'trich-, trichi-, tricho-' refer to?

Answer 36

Refers to hair. ## Footnote Example: Trichology - the study of hair and scalp diseases.

Question 37

What does 'troph-, tropho-, -trophic' mean?

Answer 37

Refers to nourishment or development. ## Footnote Example: Dystrophy - a disorder involving abnormal development or nutrition.

Question 38

What does '-tropin' refer to?

Answer 38

Refers to a hormone that stimulates growth or function. ## Footnote Example: Gonadotropin - a hormone that stimulates the gonads.

Question 39

What does 'tubo-' mean?

Answer 39

Refers to a tube, especially the fallopian tubes or eustachian tubes. ## Footnote Example: Tuboplasty - surgical repair of the fallopian tubes.

Question 40

What does 'tympan/o-' refer to?

Answer 40

Refers to the eardrum. ## Footnote Example: Tympanoplasty - surgical repair of the eardrum.

Question 41

What does 'typhlo-' mean?

Answer 41

Refers to the cecum (part of the intestine). ## Footnote Example: Typhlitis - inflammation of the cecum.

Question 42

What does 'typho-' refer to?

Answer 42

Refers to typhoid fever or stupor-like conditions. ## Footnote Example: Typhoid fever - an infection caused by Salmonella typhi.

Question 43

What does 'ulo-' refer to?

Answer 43

A scar or gums ## Footnote Example: Ulotomy - surgical incision of scar tissue.

Question 44

Define 'ultra-'

Answer 44

Beyond, excessive, or extreme ## Footnote Example: Ultrasound - sound waves beyond the range of human hearing used for medical imaging.

Question 45

What does 'uni-' mean?

Answer 45

One or single ## Footnote Example: Unilateral - affecting only one side.

Question 46

What is the meaning of 'uretero-'?

Answer 46

Refers to the ureter ## Footnote Example: Ureterolithiasis - the presence of a stone in the ureter.

Question 47

Define 'urethro-'

Answer 47

Refers to the urethra ## Footnote Example: Urethritis - inflammation of the urethra.

Question 48

What does the suffix '-uria' indicate?

Answer 48

Condition of urine or urination ## Footnote Example: Polyuria - excessive urination.

Question 49

What do the prefixes 'urin-', 'urino-', and 'uro-' refer to?

Answer 49

Urine or the urinary system ## Footnote Example: Urology - the branch of medicine dealing with the urinary system.

Question 50

What does 'uter/o-' signify?

Answer 50

Refers to the uterus ## Footnote Example: Uteroplasty - surgical repair of the uterus.

Question 51

Define 'vagin/o-'

Answer 51

Refers to the vagina ## Footnote Example: Vaginitis - inflammation of the vagina.

Question 52

What does 'varic/o-' refer to?

Answer 52

Varicose veins ## Footnote Example: Varicocele - enlargement of veins within the scrotum.

Question 53

What does 'vaso-' mean?

Answer 53

Refers to a vessel ## Footnote Example: Vasodilation - widening of blood vessels.

Question 54

What does 'veno-' refer to?

Answer 54

Refers to veins ## Footnote Example: Venogram - an imaging test that shows veins.

Question 55

Define 'ventro-', 'ventr-', and 'ventri-'

Answer 55

Refers to the belly or front of the body ## Footnote Example: Ventral - pertaining to the front or belly side.

Question 56

What does 'vertebro-' signify?

Answer 56

Refers to the vertebrae ## Footnote Example: Vertebroplasty - surgical repair of a vertebra.

Question 57

What does 'vesico-' refer to?

Answer 57

Refers to the bladder ## Footnote Example: Vesicoureteral reflux - the backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters.

Question 58

Define 'viscero-'

Answer 58

Refers to internal organs ## Footnote Example: Visceromegaly - enlargement of internal organs.

Question 59

What does 'vitr-', 'vitro-', 'vitre-', and 'vitreo-' refer to?

Answer 59

Refers to glass or the vitreous body of the eye ## Footnote Example: Vitrectomy - surgical removal of the vitreous gel from the eye.

Question 60

What does 'vulvo-' signify?

Answer 60

Refers to the vulva ## Footnote Example: Vulvodynia - chronic pain or discomfort of the vulva.

Question 61

What does 'xanth-' mean?

Answer 61

Refers to yellow ## Footnote Example: Xanthoderma - yellowish discoloration of the skin.

Question 62

Define 'xeno-'

Answer 62

Refers to something foreign or strange ## Footnote Example: Xenograft - a transplant from a different species.

Question 63

What does 'xero-' refer to?

Answer 63

Refers to dryness ## Footnote Example: Xerostomia - dry mouth due to lack of saliva.

Question 64

What does 'xiph-', 'xiphi-', and 'xipho-' refer to?

Answer 64

Refers to the xiphoid process ## Footnote Example: Xiphodynia - pain in the xiphoid process area.

Question 65

What does 'zoo-' signify?

Answer 65

Refers to animals or living beings ## Footnote Example: Zoology - the study of animals.