HORT Test 1: Week 2 (Aug 29)

Question 1

Plant anatomy

Answer 1

Question 2

Flowering plant anatomy

Answer 2

Question 3

What is a cell?

Answer 3

The basic unit of life in all living organisms

Question 4

Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall which provides….

Answer 4

Strength and shape to the cell

Question 5

What are all plant cells?

Answer 5

All plant cells are eukaryotic (containing a nucleus) within a complex fluid called the cytoplasm (cytosol) that also contains multiple specialized structures called organelles that carry out specific functions

Question 6

Plant Cell Diagram1

Answer 6

Question 7

Plant cell diagram 2

Answer 7

Question 8

Plant cell diagram 3

Answer 8

Question 9

Who discovered the cell wall?

Answer 9

Robert Hooke in 1665

Question 10

What is the cell wall composed of?

Answer 10

A tough layer external to the cell membrane that is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, and glycoproteins

Question 11

What is the primary function of the cell wall?

Answer 11

To protect and provide structural support to the cell as well as protect-the cell against mechanical stress

Question 12

What does the cell wall filter?

Answer 12

The cell wall filters the molecules passing in and out of the cell.

Question 13

The cell wall is composed of 3 layers:

Answer 13

• Primary
  Mostly made of cellulose
• Secondary
  Mostly comprised of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin
• Middle Lamella
  Mostly made of pectic substance (glue-like) that hold together adjecent cells in a tissue

Question 14

Cellulose Structure

Answer 14

Question 16

Plasma membrane and Structural components

Answer 16

Question 17

Structure of the cell membrane

Answer 17

Question 18

Phospholipid Bilayer image

Answer 18

Question 19

The cell membrane is:

Answer 19

• Semi-premeable thin membrane surrounding the cell
• Regulates the entry and exit of different substances within the cell
• Composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins
• Non-rigid and pliable