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HORT test 1 > HORT Test 1: Week 1 (Aug 24) > Flashcards

HORT Test 1: Week 1 (Aug 24) Flashcards

1
Q

Many living plants today have existed for…

A

millions of years

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2
Q

How many years have Gymnosperms (conifers) existed for?

A

200 Million - 150 Million years

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3
Q

How many years have angiosperms (flowering) existed for?

A

70 Million - 60 Million years

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4
Q

What kind of horticulture crops are prominent in ancient civilizations?

A
  • figs
  • dates
  • grapes
  • olives
  • pomegranates
  • garlic
  • melons
  • Artichokes
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5
Q

What are the Hanging Gardens of Babylon?

A

One of the 7 wonders of the Ancient world

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6
Q

What are the Horticulture crops of New World Origin?

A

potato

sweetpotato

sweet corn

squash

pumpkin

beans

tomato

peppers

pineapple

blueberries

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7
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

The science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names living things.

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8
Q

What are are the 2 different ways plants can be classified?

A

Common name
- May be misinterpreted
Scientific Name (genus + species)
- Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato)
- Dioscorea rotundata (yam)

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9
Q

What is the general basis of placing plants into each of these 8 major taxa’s?

A
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10
Q

What has cells that contain a nucleus, is multi-cellular, chlorophyll-containing, having a cell wall, and is essential for animal/human survival?

A

Eukaryotic

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11
Q

What are the sub-kingdoms of the plant kingdom (plantea)?

A
  • Cryptogams (spore-bearing plants)
    - Mosses, horsetails, ferns
  • Phanerogams (seed-bearing plants)
    - Gymnosperms: plants that have “naked seeds” (without an ovary); examples cycads, conifers, (pine cone)
    - Angiosperms: plants that have an ovule (egg) that is fertilized and develops into a seed
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12
Q

What are 2 classes of Angiosperms (flowering plants); about 80% of all green plants

A
  • Monocotyledon (monocot)
    - One seed leaf or cotyledon (examples: onion, sweet corn, lily, palm)
  • Dicotyledon (dicot)
    - Two seed leaves or cotyledons (examples: tomato, bean, cucumber, apple)

The cotyledon is the seed leaf; the first true leaf emergest later

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13
Q

What are examples of angiosperms?

A

Monocotyledons (monocots) and Dicotyledons (dicots)

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14
Q

Monocots seeds have “one leaf” know as….

A

Cotyledon

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15
Q

Dicots have 2 ______

A

cotyledons

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16
Q

Explain characteristics of Monocotyledons (monocots):

A
  • one seed leaf
  • floral parts usually in multiples of 3
  • leaf veins are parallel
  • stem has multiple and scattered vascular bundles (consisting of phloem, cambium, and xylem)
  • no central pith tissue (storage area)
  • no separable bark in perennial trees
    grafting and budding not possible (example :palm tree)
17
Q

Explain characteristics of Dicotyledon (dicots):

A
  • two seed leaves
  • floral parts usually in multiples of 4 or 5
    network of leaf veins
  • vascular bundles located in a concentric ring, near perimeter of stem (phloem-outer layer; cambium-middle layer; xylem-inner layer)
  • central pith tissue within the stem
  • separable bark in perennial trees
    allows for grafting and budding (example: citrus)
18
Q

Monocot stem vs. Dicot stem

A
19
Q

Plant classification based on agro-climate zone adaptability:

A
  • Tropical
  • Sub tropical
  • Temperate
20
Q

Cool season plants:

There is plant classification based on temperature requirements

A

-potato
-onion, leek, shallots
-lettuce, spinach, endive
-radish, pea
-cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, rutabaga, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi, kale, collards
-carrot, parsnip
-beet, turnip, Swiss chard
-tulip
-pansy

21
Q

Warm season plants:

There is plant classification based on temperature requirements

A

-sweetpotato
-tomato
-pepper
-eggplant
-cucumber
-pumpkin
-squash
-melons, watermelon
-sweet corn
-okra

22
Q

Cool season turfgrass adaptability on temperature requirement:

A
  • Kentucky bluegrass
  • fescues
  • ryegrasses
23
Q

Warm season turfgrass adaptability on temperature requirement:

A
  • St. Augustine
  • Zoysia
  • Bermuda grass
  • Centipede
  • Bahia grass
24
Q

What is an annual plant?

Plant Classification Based on Seasonal Growth Cycle

A
  • A plant that completes its life cycle in a single growing season
  • Examples: watermelon, cucumber, squash, pumpkin, sweet corn, pea, snap bean
25
Q

What is a biennial plant?

Plant Classification Based on Seasonal Growth Cycle

A
  • A plant that completes its life cycle in two growing seasons
  • Examples: carrot, parsnip, celery, parsley, dill, poppy
26
Q

What is perennial plant?

Plant Classification Based on Seasonal Growth Cycle

A
  • A plant that completes its life cycle in more than 2 years
  • Typically survives a cold winter in a dormant state, or by means of root or stem modification (bulb, corm, tuber, rhizome)
  • Examples: tree fruit, grapes, blueberries, woody shrubs, tropical foliage plants, asparagus, tomato, poinsettia.
27
Q

Root crop based on edible part?

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • Sweetpotato
  • Carrot, parsnip
  • Radish
  • Rutabaga, Turnip
28
Q

Stem plants based on edible part

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • potato
  • asparagus
  • kohrabi
29
Q

Leaf plants based on edible part

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • lettuce, spinach, parsley
  • Cabbage, kale
  • Green onion, leek, chives
30
Q

Leaf petiole plants based on edible part

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • Celery
  • Ruhubarb
  • Swiss chard
31
Q

Flower crops based on edible part

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • broccoli, cauliflower
  • Artichoke
32
Q

Fruit crops based off edible part

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • Tomato, pepper, eggplant
  • Cucumber, melons, squash
33
Q

Seed crops based off edible parts

Horticultural Crop Classification Based on Edible Part

A
  • Sweet corn
  • Pea, lima bean

HORT test 1 (5 decks)

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