HORT Test 1: Plant Anatomy Flashcards
What is a plant?
Any of the eukaryotic organisms of the biological kingdom Plantae, characterized by being photosynthetic and having a rigid cell wall.
What is Eukaryotic?
: an organism whose basic structural unit is a cell with special organelles and a membrane bound nucleus.
What is mitochondrion?
Basic Plant Cell and its Functions
Energy related functions ATP and cellular repiration
What is chloroplast?
Basic Plant Cell and its Functions
Photosynthesis occurs here
What is a nucleus?
Basic Plant Cell and its Functions
Houses the chromosomes and genetic material of a plant (like the brain-control center)
What is the cell wall?
Basic Plant Cell and its Functions
Protects all organelles and maintains the cell shape.
What is a vacuole?
Basic Plant Cell and its Functions
Applies pressure back on the cell wall and stores (water, sugars and pigments)
What is the difference of plant and animal cells?
Animal cells don’t have cell walls and don’t have chloroplast or a large vacuole….sometimes animal cells have a small vacuole.
What are the basic plant structures (organs)?
- Roots
- Stems
- Buds
- Leaves
- Flower
- Fruit
Do the basic parts (organs) of a plant always look similar?
Monocots vs. dicots seeds
How much of a plants dry weight do the roots account for?
1/4 to 1/3 of a plants dry weight
What do roots help plants with?
- Absorb and Conduts water and nutrients
- Anchorage and support
- Storage organ
- Holds soil in place and teste good (PB)
What are the types of roots?
Taproot and fibrous root
Just like stems, there are many internal structures that move nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant.
