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Large Animal > Horse lab practical > Flashcards

Horse lab practical Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 borders of the area where horse vaccines are given?

A

1 hand above the cervical vertebrae, 1 hand below the nubial ligament, and 1 hand from the shoulder

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2
Q

pulley bone

A

another name for the navicular bone

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3
Q

bay horse color

A

brown body with a black mane, stockings, and tail

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4
Q

dun horse color

A

tan with a black line down their back

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5
Q

whurl

A

like a whurl of fur or hair

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6
Q

banamine

A

usually used for drug reactions
always administered IV
if administered IM it causes clostridium myonecrosis

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7
Q

Clostridium myonecrosis

A

aka gas gangrene
releases bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, lives on low O2, often fatal
causes abscesses that leads to the skin weeping
since it’s anaerobic we have to cut the skin to let air in to kill it

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8
Q

humane twitch

A

like the type of twitch we used in class
another name for it is the Kendall twitch

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9
Q

what areas of the horse’s body can a twitch be used on?

A

nose, ear, neck skin

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10
Q

what are the 3 types of twitches?

A

humane twitch, chain twitch, and rope twitch

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11
Q

horse gestation

A

11 months

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12
Q

genus and species of horse

A

equus caballus

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13
Q

immature male horse

A

colt

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14
Q

if a horse is standing stretched out what could that be a sign of?

A

pain, often colic

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15
Q

castrated male horse

A

gelding

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16
Q

to get a dorsoplamar view of the equine carpus where should the cassette be held?

A

against the palmar aspect of the carpus

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17
Q

where is the fetlock joint located?

A

at the carpus

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18
Q

what disease presents with an obstruction in the colon/cecum and is the most deadly horse disease?

A

colic

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19
Q

what is the top of a horse’s head called?

A

poll

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20
Q

equine viral arteritis

A

sexual transmitted disease through stallions most commonly
EVA’s a slut

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21
Q

order of slowest to fastest locomotion

A

trot, canter, gallop

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22
Q

what signs would be common to see in a horse with Cushing’s?

A

patchy sweating, long/wavy hair, depressed attitude

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23
Q

which part of a horse’s digestive system is the main area of nutrient absorption?

A

small intestine

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24
Q

dappled grey horse color

A

grey with white circles

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25
Q

what are indicative characteristics of an Arabian horse?

A

dished nose and high neck

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26
Q

appaloosa horse color

A

two toned with flecks

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27
Q

how do you measure a horse?

A

hands
a hand is 4 inches

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28
Q

intact male horse

A

stallion

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29
Q

palomino horse color

A

gold coat with white mane and tail

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30
Q

young female horse

A

filly

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31
Q

mature female horse

A

mare

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32
Q

buckskin horse color

A

tan coat with black mane, stockings, and tail

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33
Q

horse leg marking that extends to the knee

A

stockings

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34
Q

horse leg marking that extends halfway up towards the knee

A

socks

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35
Q

coronet horse marking

A

a leg marking that is a little line of color just above the coronary band

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36
Q

what should a horse always have access to?

A

hay and water

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37
Q

how should you lead a horse?

A

on the left, halfway between head and shoulder

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38
Q

how should you approach a horse?

A

at the shoulder

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39
Q

horse lifespan

A

25-30 years

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40
Q

what test diagnoses equine infectious anemia?

A

Coggins test

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41
Q

which tool is used to smooth the hoof after trimming?

A

rasp

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42
Q

horse estrus cycle

A

seasonally polyestrus

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43
Q

what is the frequency of estrus in a horse?

A

21 days

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44
Q

what are horse supplies called?

A

tack

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45
Q

which color is not a horse color?

A

white
no such thing as a true white horse

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46
Q

when measuring a horse’s height you would measure from the ground to the _____?

A

withers

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47
Q

what is the order of brushes used on a horse during grooming?

A

curry comb, hard brush, soft brush

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48
Q

what is an individual who trims horse hooves called?

A

farrier

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49
Q

how many pairs of ribs do horses usually have and which breed has less?

A

usually have 18 pairs
arabians have less since they are used for endurance

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50
Q

which parasite can damage the lining of the horse’s stomach?

A

bots

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51
Q

what internal parasite would cause a horse to rub its tail?

A

pinworms

52
Q

what does a horse do when it feels threatened?

A

fight or flight

53
Q

what are horny irregular growths on the medial surface of the horse leg called?

A

chestnut

54
Q

how many gallons of water does a 1000lb horse typically drink per day?

A

10-12 gallons
about 1 gallon for every 100lbs

55
Q

what is it called when a horse gives birth?

A

foaling

56
Q

what gait do you test horses at for lameness?

A

trot

57
Q

what is the rump of a horse called?

A

croup

58
Q

where is the gaskin located on the horse?

A

between stifle and hock on the hindlimb
it is the large muscle that is there

59
Q

horse crop

A

short type of whip without a lash used in horse riding

60
Q

flehman response

A

when a horse curls its upper lip to keep in a scent
usually used in mating for the horse to smell out the hormones

61
Q

what are 3 early signs of strangles in a horse?

A

lymph node swelling, runny nose, elevated temperature

62
Q

which part of the ruminant digestive system are camelids missing?

A

omasum

63
Q

what is a clostridial disease that can affect camelids as well as sheep and goats?

A

blackleg
Clostridium chauvoei

64
Q

what age should castration be performed in camelids?

A

2 years

65
Q

camelid gestation

A

11 months
same as horses

66
Q

what type of ovulators are camelids?

A

induced ovulators

67
Q

what is a group of alpacas called?

A

herd

68
Q

baby llama

A

cria

69
Q

castrated male camel

A

gelding

70
Q

what is the biggest threat to guanacos?

A

starvation

71
Q

camel, alpaca, llama, vicuna, and guanaco are what classification?

A

artiodactyls
suborder: tylopoda

72
Q

which camelids are considered New World?

A

guanacos and vicunas

73
Q

guanaco neonate

A

chulenga

74
Q

Old World camels originate from where?

A

Africa and Asia

75
Q

intact male alpaca

A

stud

76
Q

which type of camelid has one hump?

A

dromedary camel

77
Q

which animal is Peru’s national animal?

A

vicuna

78
Q

llama scientific name

A

llama glama

79
Q

how much bigger are llamas than alpacas?

A

2x the size

80
Q

what are llamas used for?

A

as guard animals

81
Q

offspring of a llama and an alpaca

A

huarizo

82
Q

what can bacterian camels drink that other animals can’t?

A

salt water

83
Q

wild bacterian camel scientific name

A

camelus ferus

84
Q

what happens when most of the fat in a camel’s hump is used?

A

the hump appears droopy

85
Q

camel’s dude

A

penis

86
Q

what is a group of camels called?

A

caravan

87
Q

what do camels and llamas do when they feel threatened?

A

they spit

88
Q

what camel usually leads a group of camels?

A

dominant male

89
Q

how do camels greet each other?

A

by blowing in each other’s face

90
Q

does deworming in camels cause resistance?

A

yes

91
Q

what is the intermediate host of the meningeal worm in camelids?

A

snails

92
Q

female camels

A

cows

93
Q

are alpacas susceptible to heat stress?

A

yes

94
Q

pig scientific name

A

sus scrofa

95
Q

young castrated male pig

A

barrow

96
Q

pig gestation

A

3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days

97
Q

young female pig that has not farrowed

A

gilt

98
Q

are pigs prone to malignant hyperthermia?

A

yes

99
Q

mature male pig

A

boar

100
Q

what is pig birth called?

A

farrowing

101
Q

what type of estrus cycle do pigs have?

A

polystrus
not seasonal

102
Q

Duroc pig characteristics

A

drooping ears, red hair color

103
Q

what color are Hampshire pigs?

A

black with a white belt

104
Q

what is a pig birthing enclosure called?

A

farrowing crate

105
Q

what is the technique called that can help make sure each piglet receives the proper amount of colostrum?

A

split suckling

106
Q

what can piglets develop where they establish preference for a specific teat?

A

teat fidelity

107
Q

what can pigs not do?

A

sweat

108
Q

what causes greasy pig disease?

A

Staphylococcus hyicus

109
Q

which pig is colored pink?

A

Chester White

110
Q

Hereford pig

A

light red colored coat
looks similar to a Hereford cow

111
Q

what is the offensive odor that can be evident during cooking of pork from non-castrated pigs?

A

boar taint

112
Q

can pigs be used as organ donors?

A

yes

113
Q

sorrel horse color

A

chestnut coat with a light coppery colored mane and tail

114
Q

roan horse colors

A

looks dusted with baby powder

115
Q

EVA in horses

A

equine viral arteritis

116
Q

what causes strangles in horses?

A

Streptococcus equi

117
Q

what is EPM in horses?

A

a neurologic protozoan disease

118
Q

what causes Potomac horse fever?

A

Neorickettsia risticii

119
Q

what is a concern with choke in horses?

A

aspiration pneumonia

120
Q

what is the common name for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus?

A

coronavirus

121
Q

what does PRRS stand for?

A

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

122
Q

how is PRRS spread?

A

pig to pig contact

123
Q

what is the main cause of pseudo rabies (Aujeszky’s disease)?

A

herpes virus

124
Q

is there treatment for EPM?

A

yes

125
Q

what does equine recurrent uveitis cause?

A

blindness

126
Q

which vessel is most commonly used to feel a horse’s pulse?

A

facial artery

Large Animal (15 decks)

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