Horney

Question 1

especially early childhood experiences, plays a
leading role in shaping human personality, either neurotic or healthy

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

Man is ruled not by the pleasure
principle alone but by two guiding
principles

Answer 2

Safety and satisfaction

Question 3

a feeling of being isolated
and helpless in a world conceived as
potentially hostile

Answer 3

Basic anxiety

Question 4

are the principal source of basic anxiety, but basic anxiety can also contribute to feelings of hostility

Answer 4

Hostile impulses

Question 5

a strategy that does not always lead to authentic love

Answer 5

Affection

Question 6

submit themselves either to people or to institutions such as an organization or a religion

Answer 6

Submissiveness

Question 7

• a defense against the real or imagined hostility of others and takes the form of a tendency to dominate others

Answer 7

Power

Question 8

is a protection against humiliation and is expressed as a tendency to humiliate others

Answer 8

Prestige

Question 9

acts as a buffer against destitution and poverty
and manifests itself as a tendency to deprive others

Answer 9

Possession

Question 10

protect themselves against basic anxiety either by developing an independence from others or
by becoming emotionally detached from them

Answer 10

Withdrawal

Question 11

In their quest for
affection and approval, neurotics
attempt indiscriminately to please
others

Answer 11

Neurotic need for affection and approval

Question 12

Lacking self-confidence,
neurotics try to attach themselves
to a powerful partner

Answer 12

Neurotic need for powerful partner

Question 13

Neurotics frequently strive to remain
inconspicuous, to take second place,
and to be content with very little

Answer 13

neurotic need to restrict one’s
life within narrow borders

Question 14

Power and affection are perhaps the two greatest neurotic needs

Answer 14

Neurotic need for power

Question 15

Neurotics frequently evaluate others
on the basis of how they can be used
or exploited, but at the same time,
they fear being exploited by others

Answer 15

Neurotic need to exploit others

Question 16

Some people
combat basic anxiety by trying to be
first, to be important, or to attract
attention to themselves

Answer 16

Neurotic need for social recognition or prestige

Question 17

Neurotics have a need to
be admired for what they are rather
than for what they possess.

Answer 17

Neurotic need for personal admiration

Question 18

Neurotics often
have a strong drive to be the best—the
best salesperson, the best bowler, the
best lover.

Answer 18

Neurotic need for ambition and personal ambition

Question 19

Many neurotics
have a strong need to move away from
people, thereby proving that they can
get along without others

Answer 19

Neurotic need for self-sufficiency and independence

Question 20

By striving relentlessly
for perfection, neurotics receive “proof”
of their self-esteem and personal
superiority

Answer 20

Neurotic need for perfection and unassailability

Question 21

the inability of people
to use different tactics in their
relationships with others; that is, the
incompatible tendency to move
toward, against, and away from people

Answer 21

Basic conflict

Question 22

behaving in a
compliant manner as a protection
against feelings of helplessness

Answer 22

Moving towards people

Question 23

acts of
aggression in order to circumvent the
hostility of others

Answer 23

Moving against people

Question 24

move away
from people by adopting a detached
manner, thus alleviating feelings of
isolation

Answer 24

Moving away from people

Question 25

originate from interpersonal experiences; but as they become part of a person’s belief system, they develop a life of their own—an existence separate from the interpersonal conflicts that gave them life.

Answer 25

Intrapsychic processes

Question 26

– is an attempt to solve conflicts by painting a godlike picture of oneself

Answer 26

Idealized self-image

Question 27

the comprehensive drive toward actualizing the ideal self

Answer 27

Neurotic search for glory

Question 28

– refers to the drive to mold the whole personality into the idealized self

Answer 28

Need for perfection

Question 29

complex set of “should” and “should nots”

Answer 29

Tyranny of the should

Question 30

– is the compulsive drive toward superiority

Answer 30

Neurotic ambition

Question 31

the most destructive element of all; may be disguised as a drive for achievement or success, but “its chief aim is to put others to shame or defeat them through one’s very success

Answer 31

Drive toward vindictive triumph

Question 32

neurotics build a fantasy world that is out of sync with the real world.

Answer 32

Neurotic claims

Question 33

a false pride based not on a realistic view of the true self but on a spurious image of the idealized self

Answer 33

Neurotic pride

Question 34

is an interrelated yet equally irrational and powerful tendency to despise one’s real self

Answer 34

Self-hatred

Question 35

which are exemplified by the tyranny of the should.

Answer 35

Relentless demands on the self

Question 36

constantly berating themselves.

Answer 36

Merciless self-accusation

Question 37

might be expressed as belittling, disparaging, doubting, discrediting, and ridiculing oneself (ex. imposter syndrome)

Answer 37

Self-contempt

Question 38

stems from self-hatred and is designed to actualize an inflated self-image

Answer 38

Self-frustration

Question 39

people’s main intention is to inflict harm or suffering on themselves

Answer 39

Self-torture or self-torment

Question 40

may be either physical or psychological, conscious or unconscious, acute or chronic, carried out in action or enacted only in the imagination

Answer 40

Self-destructive actions and impulses

Question 41

denying or ignoring aspects of an experience because they are not in accordance with one’s idealized self-image

Answer 41

Blind-spot

Question 42

dividing one’s life into various compartments with different rules applying to them

Answer 42

Compartmentalization

Question 43

Justifying or making excuses for your behavior, even when it's irrational or harmful

Answer 43

Rationalization

Question 44

guarding against anxiety by controlling an expression (thoughts, emotions, and actions) often to avoid vulnerability

Answer 44

Excessive self-control

Question 45

feeling that all of the major influences in life are external to one’s self

Answer 45

Externalization

Question 46

when an issue arises that have no clear solution, the person arbitrarily chooses one solution, thereby ending in debate

Answer 46

Arbitrary rightness

Question 47

never making a decision about anything so that he or she can never be proven wrong and criticized or ridiculed by others

Answer 47

Elusiveness

Question 48

does not believe in anything so that he or she cannot be hurt or disappointed by others

Answer 48

Cynicism

Question 49

a major form of neurotic competitiveness

Answer 49

Hyper-competitiveness

Question 50

– minimize their chance for success by belittling themselves

Answer 50

Competition avoidance

Question 51

psychological differences between men and women are due to culture and social expectations rather than to anatomy

Answer 51

Feminine psychology

Question 52

* ultimately successful therapy is built

Answer 52

Self-analysis

Question 53

patients are asked to say every thing that comes to mind regardless of how trivial or embarrassing it may seem

Answer 53

Free association