Horner's syndrome

Question 1

features

Answer 1

miosis (small pupil)
ptosis
enophthalmos* (sunken eye)
anhidrosis (loss of sweating one side)

Question 2

what does apraclonidine drops cause?

Answer 2

causes pupillary dilation in Horner’s syndrome

due to denervation supersensitivity but produces mild pupillary constriction in the normal pupil by down-regulating the norepinephrine release at the synaptic cleft

Question 3

what is anhidrosis

Answer 3

sweat glands make little or no sweat

Question 4

in a central lesion where does anhidrosiss occur?

Answer 4

face, arm or trunk

Question 5

what conditions are associated with central lesions (all the S’s)

Answer 5

stroke

syringomyelia

multiple sclerosis

tumour

encephalitis

Question 6

in pre-ganglionic lesions where does anhidrosis occur?

Answer 6

face

Question 7

what conditions are associated with pre-ganglionic lesions? (all the T’s)

Answer 7

pancoast tumour

thyroidectomy

trauma

cervical rib

Question 8

where does anhidrosis occur in post-ganglionic lesions?

Answer 8

none

Question 9

what conditions are associated with post-ganglionic lesions (all the c’s)

Answer 9

carotid artery dissection

carotid aneurysm

cavernous sinus thrombosis

cluster headache