Hormones and homeostasis

Question 1

what is the endocrine system made up of

Answer 1

glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 2

what are hormones

Answer 2

chemical messengers that are carried in the blood to a TARGET ORGAN where they PRODUCE AN EFFECT

Question 3

pituitary gland

Answer 3

in brain, acts a ‘master gland’

-secretes several hormones in response to body conditions

Question 4

adrenaline

Answer 4

• increases heart rate, boosting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles
• fight or flight

Question 5

thyroxine

Answer 5

• increases metabolic rate
• controls growth and development in young animals
• controlled by negative feedback

Question 6

what is blood glucose concentration monitored and controlled by

Answer 6

PANCREAS

Question 7

if the blood glucose concentration is too high:

Answer 7

• the pancreas released more insulin
• insulin causes glucose to move from blood into cells
• in liver and muscle cells, excess glucose is converted to glycogen for storage

Question 8

if the blood glucose concentration is too low:

Answer 8

• pancreas releases glucagon

- glucagon stimulates glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into blood

Question 9

type 1 diabetes

Answer 9

• pancreas not producing a lot of insulin
• results in high blood glucose levels
• treated with insulin injections

Question 10

type 2 diabetes

Answer 10

• body cells no longer responding to insulin
• obesity is a risk factor
• carbohydrate-controlled diet and exercise