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NOBA - Psychology > Hormones and Behavior > Flashcards

Hormones and Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

An enzyme required to convert testosterone to 5α-dihydrotestosterone.

A

5a-reductase

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2
Q

A form of social interaction that includes threat, attack, and fighting.

A

Aggression

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3
Q

The sex of an individual as determined by the sex chromosomes (typically XX or XY) received
at the time of fertilization

A

Chromosomal sex

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3
Q

An enzyme that converts androgens into estrogens.

A

Aromatase

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4
Q

The removal of the potential for female traits.

A

Defiminization

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5
Q

The removal of the potential for male traits

A

Demasculinization

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6
Q

A primary androgen that is an androgenic steroid product of testosterone and binds strongly
to androgen receptors.

A

Dihydrotestosterone

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7
Q

A ductless gland from which hormones are released into the blood system in response to
specific biological signals.

A

Endocrine gland

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8
Q

Any of the C18 class of steroid hormones, so named because of the estrus-generating
properties in females. Biologically important estrogens include estradiol and estriol.

A

Estrogen

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9
Q

The induction of female traits.

A

Feminization

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10
Q

The sex of an individual as determined by the possession of either ovaries or testes. Females have ovaries while males have testes

A

Gonadal sex

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11
Q

An organic chemical messenger released from endocrine cells that travels through the blood
to interact with target cells at some distance to cause a biological response.

A

Hormone

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12
Q

The induction of male traits.

A

Masculinization

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13
Q

A chemical messenger that travels between neurons to provide communication. Some
neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine, can leak into the blood system and act as
hormones.

A

Neurotransmitter

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14
Q

A peptide hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to trigger lactation, as well as social bonding.

A

Oxytocin

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15
Q

Behaviors performed in relation to one’s offspring that contributes directly to the survival of
those offspring

A

Parental behavior

16
Q

A primary progestin that is involved in pregnancy and mating behaviors

A

Progesterone

17
Q

A class of C21 steroid hormones named for their progestational (pregnancy-supporting)
effects. Progesterone is a common progestin.

A

Progestin

18
Q

A molecule that can act as a hormone itself or be converted into another hormone with
different properties. For example, testosterone can serve as a hormone or as a prohormone
for either dihydrotestosterone or estradiol

A

Prohormone

19
Q

A protein hormone that is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. It has many
biological functions associated with reproduction and synergistic actions with steroid
hormones.

A

Prolactin

20
Q

A chemical structure on the cell surface or inside of a cell that has an affinity for a specific
chemical configuration of a hormone, neurotransmitter, or other compound.

A

Receptor

21
Q

The point at which an individual begins to develop as either a male or a female. In animals
that have sex chromosomes, this occurs at fertilization. Females are XX and males are XY. All
eggs bear X chromosomes, whereas sperm can either bear X or Y chromosomes. Thus, it is
the males that determine the sex of the offspring

A

Sex determination

22
Q

The process by which individuals develop the characteristics associated with being male or
female. Differential exposure to gonadal steroids during early development causes sexual
differentiation of several structures including the brain.

A

Sex differentiation

23
Q

A cell that has receptors for a specific chemical messenger (hormone or neurotransmitter)

A

Target cell

24
Q

The primary androgen secreted by the testes of most vertebrate animals, including men

A

Testosterone

25
Q

the scientific study of the interaction
between hormones and behavior

A

Behavioral endocrinology

26
Q

What are some of the most prominent peptides and protein hormones that influence behavior

A

Oxytocin, Prolactin, Thyroxine, Vasopressin

NOBA - Psychology (12 decks)

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