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Biology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Source- Anterior pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- stimulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males

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2
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Source- anterior pituitary
Type- peptide
Action- stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males

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3
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Source- Anterior Pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids

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4
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Source- Anterior Pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

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5
Q

Prolactin

A

Source- Anterior Pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates milk production and secretion

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6
Q

Endorphins

A

Source- Anterior Pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- Decreases sensation of pain; can promote euphoria

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7
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

Source- Anterior Pituitary
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates bone and muscle growth; raises blood glucose levels

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8
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH; vasopressin)

A

Source: Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary)
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct

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9
Q

Oxytocin

A

Source- hypothalamus (released by the posterior pituitary)
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation; may promote bonding behavior

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10
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)

A

Source- Thyroid (follicular cells)
Type- Amino acid derivative
Action- Stimulate metabolic activity

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11
Q

Calcitonin

A

Source- Thyroid (parafollicular or C cells)
Type- Peptide
Action- Decreases blood calcium concentrations

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12
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

Source- Parathyroids
Type- Peptide
Action- Increase blood calcium concentrations

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13
Q

Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone)

A

Source- Adrenal Cortex
Type- Steroid
Action- Increase blood glucose concentrations; decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory

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14
Q

Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)

A

Source- Adrenal Cortex
Type- Steroid
Action- Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption, promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion

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15
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Source- Adrenal Medulla
Type- Amino acid derivative
Action- Increase blood glucose concentrations and hear rate; dilate bronchi; alter blood flow of patterns

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16
Q

Glucagon

A

Source- Pancreas (alpha cells)
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis); increase blood glucose concentrations

17
Q

Insulin

A

Source- Pancreas (beta cells)
Type- Peptide
Action- Lowers blood glucose concentrations and increases anabolic processes

18
Q

Somatostatin

A

Source- Pancreas (gamma cells)
Type- Peptide
Action- Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin

19
Q

Testosterone

A

Source- Testis (and adrenal cortex)
Type- Steroid
Action- Develops and maintains male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics

20
Q

Estrogen

A

Source- Ovary ( and placenta)
Type- Steroid
Action- Develops and maintains female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics

21
Q

Progesterone

A

Source- Ovary (and placenta)
Type- Steroid
Action- Promotes maintenance of the endometrium

22
Q

Melatonin

A

Source- Pineal Gland
Type- Peptide
Action- Involved in circadian rhythms

23
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Source- Kidney
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes

24
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

A

Source- Heart (atria)
Type- Peptide
Action- Promotes salt and water excretion

25
Q

Thymosin

A

Source- Thymus
Type- Peptide
Action- Stimulates T-cell development

Biology (6 decks)

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