Hormones

Question 1

Oxytocin

Answer 1

Stimulates contraction of the uterus and the milk “let-down” reflex

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 2

Promotes retention of water by kidneys

Question 3

Growth hormone (GH)

Answer 3

Stimulates growth (especially of bones and muscles) and metabolism

Question 4

Prolactin

Answer 4

Stimulates milk production

Question 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 5

Stimulates production of ova and sperm

Question 6

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 6

Stimulates ovaries and testes

Question 7

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 7

Stimulates thyroid gland

Question 8

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 8

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids

Question 9

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 9

Stimulates metabolism

Question 10

Calcitonin

Answer 10

Reduces blood calcium level

Question 11

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 11

Raises blood calcium level

Question 12

Thymosin

Answer 12

Programs T Lymphocytes

Question 13

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 13

Raises blood glucose level; increase rate of metabolism; constrict certain blood vessels

Question 14

Glucocorticoids

Answer 14

Increase blood glucose

Question 15

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 15

Promote reabsorption of Na+ and excretion of K+ in kidneys

Question 16

Insulin

Answer 16

Reduces blood glucose

Question 17

Glucagon

Answer 17

Raises blood glucose

Question 18

Androgens

Answer 18

Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics

Question 19

Estrogens

Answer 19

Stimulate uterine lining growth; development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics

Question 20

Progesterone

Answer 20

Promotes growth of uterine lining

Question 21

Melatonin

Answer 21

Involved in biological rhythms (daily and seasonal)

Question 22

Prostaglandins

Answer 22

Increase blood pressure, constriction of respiratory pathways, stimulate uterus muscle for labor, enhance blood clotting, promote inflammation and pain, increase digestive secretions, causes fever

Question 23

Gastrin

Answer 23

Stomach: stimulates glands to release hydrochloric acid

Question 24

Intestinal Gastrin

Answer 24

Stomach: inhibits HCL secretion and gastrointestinal tract mobility

Question 25

Secretin

Answer 25

Pancreas: stimulates release of bicarbonate rich juice Liver: increases release of bile Stomach: inhibits secretory activity

Question 26

Cholecystokinin

Answer 26

Pancreas: stimulates release of enzyme rich juice Gallbladder: stimulates expulsion of stored bile

Question 27

Erythropoietin

Answer 27

Bone marrow: stimulates production of red blood cells

Question 28

Active vitamin D 3

Answer 28

Intestine: stimulates active transport of dietary calcium across intestinal cell membranes

Question 29

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Answer 29

Kidney: inhibits sodium ion reabsorption Adrenal cortex: inhibits secretion of aldosterone

Question 30

Leptin

Answer 30

Brain: suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure

Question 31

Aldosterone

Answer 31

Plays a central role in the regulation of blood pressure; increasing reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney, to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increase in water retention, and increase in blood pressure and blood volume

Question 32

Cortisone

Answer 32

Released by the adrenal gland in response to stress; suppresses the immune system, thus reducing inflammation and attendant pain and swelling at the site of the injury

Question 33

Cortisol

Answer 33

Released in response to stress and low blood glucose; functions to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis, to suppress the immune system, and to aid in the metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrates

Question 34

Thyrotropic hormone

Answer 34

Influences the growth and activity of the thyroid gland