Hormones Flashcards
what is type 2 diabetes caused by?
resistance to insulin
How can type 2 diabetes be controled?
reduce the consumption of sugars in the diet and increse exercise activity to use up the amount of sugars produced by cell respiration.
how do hormones reach the targeted organs?
through the blood
what causes type 1 diabetes?
lack of insulin/pancreaus unable to produce insulin.
how can type one diabetes be controlled?
inject insulin in to subcutaneous fat before a meal.
What glands produce hormones?
Endocrine glands.
What term is given to a self regulating mechanism?
negative feedback
which part of the CNS coordinates a voluntary response?
The Brain.
Which part of the CNS coordinates an involuntary response?
The Spine
What sort of response is picking up a cookie?
Voluntary
What do we call the gap between two neurones?
a synapse
Where does a sensory neurone take it’s electrical neurone to?
The CNS
List what is in the stimulus response pathway.
Stimulus receptor sensory neurone CNS (relay neurone is inside the CNS) motor neurone effector response
What structure does the start of every neurone meet?
the receptor
What are the fine branches called at the end of axons?
Dendrites
What structure does the end of a motor neurone meet?
An effector e.g. muscle or gland
What is the name for a long nerve fiber that carries an electrical impulse away from the cell body?
Axon
What is the name for a short nerve fibre that carries an electrical impulse towards the cell body in a sensory neurone?
Dendron.
What is the myelin sheath for in a neurone?
To insulate the axon and allow electrical impulses to travel faster.
How would exercise affect the amount of insulin in the body?
More exercise means more respiration which means more glucose is used up and therefore less insulin is needed to deal with the excess glucose. (no need to turn glucose into glucogen)
What is the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes?
Obese people have an increased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes as their diet would contain more sugar and therefore they could develop a resistance to insulin.
How is BMI calculated?
Mass in Kg divided by height in metres square.
What BMI would indicate obesity?
30+
